background: chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (copd) are planned to rank fifth in burden of disease and third with respect to mortality by 2020. carrying out research regarding different aspects of copd is mentioned as important health priorities by academic institutions and governments. the burden of lung disease (bold) initiative was designed a decade ago to develop robust models that ca...

chronic bronchopulmonary disorders occurred in a large number of rustic females who used to bake bread at their dwellings under unhgyienic conditions. bronchoscopy revealed advanced pathological changes with characterised black areas infiltrating the bronchial walls. findings in ten patients who referred with acute chronic respiratory symptoms and a positive history of indoor pollution are desc...

BACKGROUND Limited evidence links air pollution exposure to chronic cough and sputum production. Few reports have investigated the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and classically defined chronic bronchitis. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to estimate the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (diameter <10 μm, PM10; <2.5μm, PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (...

The presence of chronic bronchitis predicts a more rapid decline of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The hallmark of COPD is airway inflammation. It was hypothesised that COPD patients with chronic bronchitis are characterised by a distinct inflammatory cell profile, as measured in bronchial biopsies and sputum. From ...

Soutar, C. A. (1977). Thorax, 32, 387-396. Distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract in chronic bronchitis A study of the distribution of cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract in chronic bronchitis has been carried out on necropsy tissues from six subjects who died from complications of severe chronic obstructive bronchiti...

Although the prevalence of chronic bronchitis has been measured in several populations, its impact on quality of life has not been assessed. We report the prevalence and impact of chronic bronchitis (defined as having phlegm on most days for at least 3 months during the previous year) among 4,708 adults ages 20 to 69 representative of the nonaged U.S. population. Men reported chronic bronchitis...

A house to house survey of everyone aged 20 years and above living in a rural community in the Hill Region of Nepal, situated about 16 km outside Kathmandu city, was conducted to determine the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and cor pulmonale. Of the total eligible population, 2826 (95.5%) were interviewed. Chronic bronchitis was diagnosed according to the British Medical Research Council crit...

in this study, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the results of eligible studies to estimate the prevalence of asthma, copd, and chronic bronchitis in iran. international and iranian databases including pubmed, scopus, web of science, iranmedex, and scientific information database (sid) were searched for population–based studies that had reported the prevalence of asthma and copd from 1990...