abstract background: chronic illnesses such as coronary heart disease are among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including iran. one aspect of living with chronic illness is self-management which can reduce the impact of illness on daily life and maintain the quality of life. a qualitative understanding of...

conclusions in short term, using the self-management program can lead to increased exercise tolerance and decreased dyspnea in patients with copd; thus, this program is recommended as an effective way to improve the functional statuses of these patients. results there was no significant difference between the groups in exercise tolerance at base line; but, they were significantly different at t...

background to estimate the total annual cost due to chronic hepatitis b (chb)-related diseases imposed on each patient and his/her family in iran.   methods economic burden of chb-related diseases (chb, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) were examined. in this retrospective study, 100 iranian patients were identified to obtain their socioeconomic status, utilization (direct and indirect c...

background and aim: approaches to professional health care have changed along with changes in health measures and progression of chronic diseases. patient participation is an international golden standard in new nursing paradigm. despite the importance of patient participation and its routine usage in professional care, this concept is not clear, especially in social and cultural context of ira...

background: given the importance of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and role of different factors in self-care behaviors of copd patients, this study was conducted to determine the effect of self-efficacy program on self-care behaviors of copd patients. materials and methods: in this semi-experimental study, 62 copd patients were recruited in which 31 subjects were in control g...

conclusions according to the results, total direct medical costs for hcv patients in iran exceeded 12 billion ppp$ in (inf-rbv) treatment and 55 billion ppp$ in (peg-rbv). results average direct medical costs for the courses treated with conventional interferon plus ribavirin (inf-rbv) were 4,403 ppp$, and 20,010 ppp$ for peg-interferon plus ribavirin (peg-rbv) courses. there was an increase of...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: we investigated the difference of clinical practice pattern between end‑stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients with and without palliative care at the end of life in taiwan. materials and methods: a total of 91 copd patients who died in an acute care hospital were enrolled from one community teaching hospital in no...

disconnects and defects in care – such as duplication, poor integration between services or avoidable adverse events – are costly to the health system and potentially harmful to patients and families. for patients living with multiple chronic conditions, such disconnects can be particularly detrimental. lean is an approach to optimizing value by reducing waste (eg, duplication and defects) and ...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: acute kidney injury (aki) is commonly occurred in intensive care unit (icu) patients. the aim of the study was a comparison of rifle (risk of renal injury/injury to the kidney/failure of kidney function/loss of kidney function/end stage disease) classification with other scoring systems in the evaluation of aki in icus. materials and met...

conclusions the accompanying case series suggests that this protocol is deserving of randomized, prospective study. results c-rfa of the genicular nerves after using the described selection protocol resulted in > 90% pain reduction, improved function and avoidance of surgery at 6 months in all four cases. all opioid and analgesic medication use decreased or was unchanged in all cases. no seriou...