background due to the importance and uniqueness of the characteristics of the health sector, one of the most important priorities of the ministry of health is measuring the efficiency and quality of services which are provided for the people who refer to the health sectors. in all health systems, responding to the needs and wishes of patients is a crucial priority. objectives the main purpose o...

background: health workforce shortages in rural and remote areas are a global challenge that almost every health system has to deal with. this study aimed to discover neurosurgeons’ job preferences and propose policy interventions that could possibly increase their retention in rural, remote, or underserved areas. methods: a discrete choice experiment (dce) was conducted in november 2014 with a...

Quantum systems exhibit particle- or wavelike behavior depending on the experimental apparatus they are confronted by. This wave-particle duality is at the heart of quantum mechanics. Its paradoxical nature is best captured in the delayed-choice thought experiment, in which a photon is forced to choose a behavior before the observer decides what to measure. Here, we report on a quantum delayed-...

Wave-particle complementarity is one of the most intriguing features of quantum physics. To emphasize this measurement apparatus-dependent nature, experiments have been performed in which the output beam splitter of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is inserted or removed after a photon has already entered the device. A recent extension suggested using a quantum beam splitter at the interferometer'...

background nearly every nation in the world faces shortages of health workers in remote areas. cameroon is no exception to this. the ministry of public health (moph) is currently considering several rural retention strategies to motivate qualified health personnel to practice in remote rural areas.   methods to better calibrate these mechanisms and to develop evidence-based retention strategies...