The effects of ceftizoxime and gentamicin alone and in combination were determined against 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Concentrations of 32 micrograms of ceftizoxime and 8 micrograms of gentamicin per ml inhibited 22 and 43% of the strains, respectively. At concentrations of ceftizoxime and gentamicin that are readily achievable in serum, 15 strains were affected synergistically and 17 ...

A total of 74 men and 26 women with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were treated with ceftizoxime sodium 0.5 g intramuscularly. The cure rate was 99% and included successful treatment of four infections due to beta-lactamase producing organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftizoxime in vitro were very much lower than those of penicillin and cefuroxime, and side effects were minim...

The pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime (FK-749) were studied in 20 volunteers with various degrees of renal function. Creatinine clearances ranged from zero to 157 ml/min per 1.73 m2. One gram of ceftizoxime was administered by a 30-min drip infusion, and blood and urine samples were collected for up to 48 h after drug administration. For volunteers with a creatinine clearance of greater than or e...

Ceftizoxime was evaluated in the treatment of 18 patients (6 adults and 12 children) with bacterial meningitis. In seven patients Haemophilus influenzae was the causative agent, in three Neisseria meningitidis, in five Streptococcus pneumoniae, and in one each alpha-streptococcus and Escherichia coli; one case was culture negative. Ceftizoxime was administered intravenously in doses of 200 mg/k...

In evaluating antimicrobial agents with similar spectra of activity, it is difficult to determine equivalent dosage regimens. In vitro potency, pharmacokinetic disposition, and other factors determine the usual dosing regimen. Knowledge of the serum bactericidal activity over time may assist in defining the potency of comparative antimicrobial agents. Cefoxitin and ceftizoxime, cephalosporins w...

The pharmacokinetics of a single 500-mg intramuscular dose of ceftizoxime were studied in 11 healthy adult volunteers and in 22 patients with various degrees of renal dysfunction. The mean serum half-life of ceftizoxime was 1.44 h in normal subjects and 30.2 h in hemodialysis patients. A significant correlation (P less than 0.001) between the elimination rate constant of ceftizoxime and creatin...

Patel et al. (4) compared the serum bactericidal titers (SBTs) and the time serum drug concentrations remained above the MICs (T . MIC) of ceftizoxime and cefotaxime against three intermediately penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. MICs were # 1.0 mg/ml, SBTs were . 1:2, and T . MIC exceeded 50% of dosage intervals. They concluded that ceftizoxime’s longer T . MIC compensates...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4) in the tubular secretion of cephalosporin antibiotics. Most of the injectable cephalosporins have an inhibitory effect on the ATP-dependent uptake of [(3)H]dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate by membrane vesicles expressing hMRP4, whereas cephaloridine, cefsulodin, and cefepime do not. Am...

The pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime was studied in six sheep before and after inducing hyperthermia using Escherichia coli endotoxin. Sheep implanted subcutaneously with cages of non-reactive material for collecting tissue cage fluid (TCF) were used to conduct two trials. In Trial 1 animals with normal basal temperature (normal sheep (NS)) were given intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) ...

The extravascular penetration of ceftizoxime and cefotaxime was studied in a rabbit subcutaneous Visking chamber model. Four rabbits, implanted with four chambers each, received each drug intramuscularly at a dose of 50 mg/kg every 3 hours for eight doses. Serum drug concentrations were measured after the eighth dose, and extravascular (chamber) concentrations were measured after the first and ...