Immediate roof caving in longwall mining is a complex dynamic process, and it is the core of numerous issues and challenges in this method. Hence, a reliable prediction of the strata behavior and its caving potential is imperative in the planning stage of a longwall project. The span of the main caving is the quantitative criterion that represents cavability. In this paper, two approaches are p...

The cavability assessment of rock mass cavability and indicating the damage profile ahead of a cave-back is of great importance in the evaluation of a caving mine operation, which can influence all aspects of the mine operation. Due to the lack of access to the caved zones, our current knowledge about the damage profile in caved zones is very limited. Among the different approaches available, p...

Determining the caving height in block method requires considering a suitable criterion discussed this study. The comparison between different criteria and choosing appropriate for use rock mass cavability study is main idea of study, which has not been investigated previous studies. In paper, through FEM (Finite Element Method) software, area undercutting stages was calculated using displaceme...

Over two decades, block caving mining has developed the application of hydraulic fracturing as a preconditioning method. This study aims to estimate costs in operations and suggests base case specified based on U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) report. Furthermore, it applies cavability factors develop long- short-term strategies through fuzzy inference system. In long-term strategy,...