background: gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma are the second and the fifth most common cancers in iran, respectively. expression of cytokeratin 7 (ck7) is established in most malignancies including gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma. demonstration of ck7 could be related to prognostic factors and help to the better management of the patients. the objective of our study was to evaluate th...

objective: to evaluate the potentiality of ovcar–3 cell line of ovarian adenocarcinoma as a xenograft model for ovarian adenocarcinoma in nude mice. materials and methods: the cell line isolated from advanced human ovarian adenocarcinoma, were inoculated to eight nude mice and two months later. established tumors were transferred to pathology laboratory to be prepared by h&e; staining and immun...

background: previous studies indicate a high incidence of digestive cancers along southern parts of caspian sea including ma­zandaran province. the present study was conducted to further investigate time to occurrence, age distribution and pos­sible risks associated with the incidence time of digestive cancers in the above regions. methods: for this purpose the data of digestive cancer incidenc...

conclusions most patients are referred for restaging and demonstrate evidence of regional or distant metastasis with significant value for further treatment planning. providing insurance coverage and familiarizing referring physicians about appropriate indications of this relatively new diagnostic modality will be to the best interest of head and neck cancer patients in long term. methods we re...

xx Signed statement xxv Acknowledgements xxvi

background & objectives: colon cancer is currently of high incidence and mortality rate. identifying the factors influencing its prognosis can be very beneficial to its clinical treatment. recent studies have shown that lymph nodes ratio can be considered as an important prognostic factor. the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of this factor on the prognosis of the patie...

background: the incidence of colorectal cancer is rising in several developing countries. in the absence of integrated endoscopy and pathology databases, adenoma detection rate (adr), as a validated quality indicator of screening colonoscopy, is generally difficult to obtain in practice. we aimed to measure the correlation of polyp-related indicators with adr in order to identify the most accur...

background non-melanoma skin cancers (nmsc) are the most common cancers worldwide. these cancers are not accompanied by high mortality however they lead to various complications. evaluation of nmsc predisposing factors could result in preventive measures, improvement of quality of life and reduction of medical costs. objectives this study aimed to determine predisposing factors of non-melanoma ...