An early step in crown gall tumor formation involves the attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to host plant cells. A. tumefaciens C58::A205 (C58 attR) is a Tn3HoHo1 insertion mutant that was found to be avirulent on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and unable to attach to carrot suspension cells. The mutation mapped to an open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 247 amino acids which has ...

The vir genes of octopine, nopaline, and L,L-succinamopine Ti plasmids exhibit structural and functional similarities. However, we observed differences in the interactions between octopine and nopaline vir components. The induction of an octopine virE(A6)::lacZ fusion (pSM358cd) was 2.3-fold higher in an octopine strain (A348) than in a nopaline strain (C58). Supplementation of the octopine vir...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 is a Gram-negative soil bacterium capable of inducing tumors (crown galls) on many dicotyledonous plants. The genome of A. tumefaciens strain C58 was re-annotated based on the Z-curve method. First, all the 'hypothetical genes' were re-identified, and 29 originally annotated 'hypothetical genes' were recognized to be non-coding open reading frames (ORFs). Th...

The effect of high temperature treatments on the early stages of crown gall tumorigenesis in sunflowers was investigated. Treatments of 32 C initiated at various times during the first ten days after infection had a similar effect on tumors induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains B(6) and C58. Tumor growth was sensitive to 32 C until 60 to 72 hours after infection and was stimulated by 32 ...

Lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) associated with transplantable line Ib lymphocytic leukemia in C58iWm mice, K36 lymphocytic leukemia in AKRiJ mice, and the Gardner lymphosarcoma in C3HIHeJ mice elicited a fatal neuroparalytic disease when injected ip into 7to g-month-old X-irradiated indicator C58 mice. LDV associated with the WEHI-3B line of transplantable myelomonocytic leukemia or the Hardi...

Four kinds of C58-based carbon solids and some of their physical properties are predicted by the first principles calculations. These carbon solids display different electronic structures, due to their different space symmetries and connecting patterns. Among these solids, the most stable one with the P3m1 space group displays semiconducting properties, with a direct band gap of about 0.12 eV, ...

mice (6) when we repeated and confirmed some of the early experiments of Gross (8, 9). Our interest in these salivary gland tumors was stimulated greatly when we found that C58 and AK, as well as C8H mice, would develop such tumors following inoculation of newborn with cell-free extracts of leukemic AK mouse tissues (4). The parotid gland tumors in C58 or AK mice developed earlier than did thos...

C58/wm mice that were immunized with formalininactivated (1:500) Ib cells were protected when challenged with a lethal dose of viable Ib cells 4 hours before or 4 days after immunization. No early protective effect occurred with formalinized spleen cells obtained from normal C58/wm mice or C58/wm mice bearing transplants of leukemic cells of spontaneous origin. Spleen cells from normal DBA/2 mi...

The definition of bacterial species is based on genomic similarities, giving rise to the operational concept of genomic species, but the reasons of the occurrence of differentiated genomic species remain largely unknown. We used the Agrobacterium tumefaciens species complex and particularly the genomic species presently called genomovar G8, which includes the sequenced strain C58, to test the h...

Twelve strains of Agrobacterium radiobacter isolated from naturally occurring crown galls or soil were found to be avirulent on sunflower, tomato, Kalanchoe, and carrot. Eleven strains contained plasmids of molecular weights 77 X 10(6) to 182 X 10(6) as determined by electron microscopy. One strain contained only a smaller plasmid (50 X 10(6) daltons). Several strains had both large and small (...