abstract this paper by reviewing the main examples of small to medium-scale retractable roof structures covering building courtyards is to present an innovative rigid retractable roof system employing spatial frames for a courtyard of an existing building in tabriz islamic art university. the courtyard is currently used for temporary exhibitions and gatherings whenever permitted by environmenta...

The roof garden has great functioning of smoothing the shortage of land resource in the city and making use of the land resource diversity and efficiently. The modern era, following the fast development of economic and society, people have a high claim to green roof or roof garden. It is an efficient and reasonable way to exploit the open space the roof of the building. From the classic roof ...

The design of a building can provide the highest thermal comfort in the interior without any mechanical equipment and save energy to a large extent. The roof of a building is an important part for thermal loss. This research studies the thermal performance of 14 conventional roof structures in Tehran city by using designbuilder 4.5. It is found that the polystyrene block performs best compared ...

Abstract This paper by reviewing the main examples of small to medium-scale retractable roof structures covering building courtyards is to present an innovative rigid retractable roof system employing spatial frames for a courtyard of an existing building in Tabriz Islamic Art University. The courtyard is currently used for temporary exhibitions and gatherings whenever permitted by environmenta...

This paper compares the paradigms of LiDAR and aerophotogrammetry in the context of building extraction and briefly discusses two roof building contour extraction methodologies. The assets and drawbacks of both data capturing system have been reported several times. In general, empirical and theoretical studies have confirmed that LiDAR methodologies are more suitable in deriving building heigh...

This paper compares the paradigms of LiDAR and aerophotogrammetry in the context of building extraction and briefly discusses a photogrammetric strategy for refining building roof polyhedrons previously extracted from LiDAR data. In general, empirical and theoretical studies have confirmed that LiDAR methodologies are more suitable in extracting planar roof faces and ridges of the roof, whereas...

3D building reconstruction from remote sensing image data from satellites is still an active research topic and very valuable for 3D city modelling. The roof model is the most important component to reconstruct the Level of Details 2 (LoD2) for a building in 3D modelling. While the general solution for roof modelling relies on the detailed cues (such as lines, corners and planes) extracted from...

The objective of this study is to present an efficient and robust method of building roof reconstruction by fusing laser range data and aerial images through CSR (Construct-Shape-Refine) procedures. The algorithm starts by extracting 3D line features from laser range data by using the semi-automatic 3D line feature extraction engine. After 3D line features are extracted and regarded as input da...

This paper presents a data-driven method for automatic building reconstruction from raw airborne laser scanner data. The method utilises a TIN-structure that is calculated into the point cloud. The parameters of every TIN-mesh are mapped into a 3D trianglemesh parameter space, which is then analysed using a cluster analysis technique. By analysing the clusters, significant roof planes are deriv...

Building reconstruction is one of the most difficult and important 3D modelling problems for urban environment. In this paper, we develop an approach using minimum number of basic geometric elements to reconstruct the buildings. The basic element is a number of unstructured 3D points representing the topological identity of a building roof. Such point primitives can be measured by human or comp...