b fast and highly reliable method of inspecting minule solder joints of high-density rnouaed devices hns been dcveloperl. It uses two techniques to detect all types of defects, such as unsoldered leads. solder bridges. and mis-aligned leads. One applieszxternal Form to solder joints with an air jet. which vibrates w shifts unsoldered leads. The vibration and shift is detected as a change in the...

In this paper w e discuss three little known letters on the Konigsberg bridges problem. These letters indicate more clearly Euler’s attitude to the problem and to his solution of it.

 Many existing bridges were designed without adequate consideration of seismic risk. The full or partial collapse of even one major bridge in a city or community would have destroying results. There has been focuses on developing fragility-based seismic vulnerability of existing usual bridges in Iran or support decision making on seismic upgrade. This article focuses on developing performance b...

In a continuing effort to provide a solution, engineers in the Construction and Technology Division (C&T) of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) are studying alternative bridge deck designs. C&T engineers are six years into a study which could eventually save Michigan motorists a considerable amount of tax dollars. The study compares the performance of isotropic bridge decks with d...

conclusions intelligence care is a comprehensive strategy that in addition to recognizing barriers and bridges of nursing care, with predisposing and precipitating forces it can convert barriers to bridges. results intelligence care emerged as a main theme, has a broad spectrum of categories and subcategories with bridges and barriers, including equality of bridges and barriers (contingency car...

An experimental apparatus to study the breaking process of axisymmetric liquid bridges has been developed, and the breaking sequences of a large number of liquid bridge configurations at minimum-volume stability limit have been analyzed. Experimental results show that very close to the breaking moment the neck radius of the liquid bridge varies as t, where t is the time to breakage, irrespectiv...