this paper examines the short- and long-run effects of domestic research and development (r&d;) and foreign r&d; (throw the channels of capital goods import and foreign direct investment) on iranian economic growth using of endogenous growth models and bounds test approach to level relationship over the period of 1351-1386. bounds test approach results confirm the existence of long-run relation...

t his study investigates the factors affecting the demand for new residential buildings in urban areas of iran during 1976-2010. the demand function for new residential buildings in urban areas was estimated and then the existence of a long-run relationship among variables of this function was studied using the bounds testing of the autoregressive distributed lag co-integration procedure. the t...

this paper investigates the relationship between macroeconomic instability and private investment of the iranian economy. the study uses a trivariate var(2)-garch(1,1)-in-mean with diagonal bekk approach to proxied inflation and exchange rate uncertainties as the main indicators of macroeconomic instability. moreover, bounds testing approach to level relationship applied to investigate the long...

Suppose that R is a two-dimensional normal standard-graded domain over a finite field. We prove that there exists a uniform Frobenius test exponent b for the class of homogeneous ideals in R generated by at most n elements. This means that for every ideal I in this class we have that f b ∈ I [p ] if and only if f ∈ I . This gives in particular a finite test for the Frobenius closure. On the oth...

We derive distribution free uniform test error bounds that improve on VC type bounds for validation We show how to use knowledge of test inputs to improve the bounds The bounds are sharp but they require intense computation We introduce a method to trade sharpness for speed of computation Also we compute the bounds for several test cases Key wordsmachine learning learning theory generalization ...

Pseudo-exhaustive testing involves applying all possible input patterns to the individual output cones of a combinational circuit. Based on our new algebraic results, we have derived both generic (cone-independent) and circuit-specific (cone-dependent) bounds on minimal length of test required so that each cone in a circuit is exhaustively tested. For any circuit with five or fewer outputs, and...

In this paper‎, ‎the impacts of premium bounds of put option contracts on the operation of put option and day-ahead electricity markets are studied‎. ‎To this end‎, ‎first a comprehensive equilibrium model for a joint put option and day-ahead markets is presented‎. ‎Interaction between put option and day-ahead markets‎, ‎uncertainty in fuel price, impact of premium bounds, and elasticity of con...