BACKGROUND Heparin binds positively charged electrolytes. In blood gas syringes, electrolyte-balanced heparin is used to prevent a negative bias in electrolyte concentrations. The potential pre-analytical errors introduced by blood gas syringes are largely unknown. Here, we evaluate electrolyte concentrations in non-anticoagulated blood compared with concentrations measured in electrolyte-balan...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of oral carbohydrate-electrolyte supplementation on sports performance and cardiovascular status of the national level male athletes during exercise and recovery. METHODS A total of 10 male athletes (age range: 20-25 yr) wer...

BACKGROUND Rapid determination of blood electrolyte concentrations can help determine electrolyte status and delivery of effective volume of electrolyte solutions in field conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate reliability of the i-STAT, a point-of-care (POC) device, in measuring blood K(+), Na(+), and CI(-) concentrations in cattle. ANIMALS Ninety-eight cattle with various diseases. METHODS I...

In their recent studies (20) on the water and electrolyte distribution between cells and serum, Van Slyk‘e, Wu, and McLean assumed for their theoretical considerations that the red hlood cells were impermeable to the cations sodium and potassium. They showed that when the serum anion concentration was changed in .whole blood COz saturation experiments, the reestablishment of electrolyte equilib...

Water-Electrolyte Balance in Blood Pressure Homeostasis Much of what human life is about is water (60% of body mass) and a handful of solutes. Of the latter, main cations include sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and the anions include chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate and organic anions, and proteins. The concentrations of sodium (135–145 mmol/L) and chloride (95–106 mmol/L) predominat...

Water-Electrolyte Balance in Blood Pressure Homeostasis Much of what human life is about is water (60% of body mass) and a handful of solutes. Of the latter, main cations include sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and the anions include chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate and organic anions, and proteins. The concentrations of sodium (135–145 mmol/L) and chloride (95–106 mmol/L) predominat...