quinones are a class of compounds which have widespread importance in chemistry, biology and medicine. because of their appropriate performance in electron transferring rate, quinones are among the most applicable mediators in biosensors. recently, the effects of different non-metal substitutions on redox potential of quinone have been investigated to design suitable mediators for different ele...

aptamers define a new interesting class of receptor molecules with capability of binding to potentially any kind of molecules of interest. structurally, they are composed of nucleic acids (rna, dna or a mixture of both) with high specificity and affinity to amino acids, drugs, proteins and other molecules. apatmers are isolated from complex libraries of synthetic nucleic acids against the desir...

biosensors are classes of sensors in which at least a biological process is used in sensing procedure. they are generally composed of three parts: a sensing element, a transducer, and a signal processor (or detector). they can be categorized by type of sensing materials or by detection techniques. from their invention time up to now, various biological species have been analyzed using variety o...

This review describes recent advances in biosensors of potential clinical applications. Biosensors are becoming increasingly important and practical tools in pathogen detection, molecular diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety control as well as in homeland defense. Electrochemical biosensors are particularly promising toward these goals arising due to several combined advantages in...

Biosensors have revolutionized the way of diagnosis by allowing detection of diseases at earlier stage & detection of altered amount of biomarkers in the body. All biosensors usually involve minimal sample preparation as the biological sensing component is highly selective for the analyte concerned. There are numerous biosensors available now-a-days such as electrochemical biosensors, optical b...

The objective of this study is to analyze the technical importance, performance, techniques, advantages, and disadvantages of the biosensors in general and of the electrochemical biosensors in particular. A product of reaction diffuses to the transducer in the first generation biosensors (based on Clark biosensors). The mediated biosensors or second generation biosensors use specific mediators ...

Recognition of different agents including chemical and biological plays important role in forensic, biomedical and environmentalfield.In recent decades, nanotechnology and nano materials had a high impact on development of sensors. Using  nanomaterials in construction of biosensors can effectively improve the Sensitivity and other features of biosensors. Different type of nanostructures includi...

The application of silicalite for improvement of working characteristics of conductometric enzyme biosensors for determination of sucrose was studied in this research. Biosensors based on different types of silicalite-modified electrodes were studied and compared according to their analytical characteristics. Polyethylenimine/glutaraldehyde/silicalite-modified biosensors showed higher sensitivi...

Biosensors are devices that combine biological materials and transducers for the detection of sample e.g. drugs, metabolites, pollutants, microbial load, control parameters etc. by converting biochemical signals into measurable physiochemical signals which in turn quantify the amount of sample. There are various types of biosensors depending upon the sensing elements or transducers. Since the f...