The use of a computer assisted language learning (CALL) to facilitate ESL has a history dating back to the 1950’s. With advances in technology CALL based curriculums have become more accessible to educators in the ESL field. CALL based programs are being used to improve reading, comprehension, writing skills and pronunciation skills of students engaged in ESL studies. The focus of this paper wi...

The aim of this study was to examine whether the intracyclic velocity variation (IVV) was lower in elite swimmers than in beginner swimmers at various velocities, and whether differences may be related to arm coordination. Seven elite and nine beginner male swimmers swam front crawl at four different swimming velocities (maximal velocity, 75%, 85%, and 95% of maximal swimming velocity). The ind...

In competency-based education, it is important to frequently evaluate the degree of competency achieved by establishing and specifying competency levels. To self-appraise one's own competency level, one needs a simple, clear, and accurate description for each competency level. This study aimed at developing competency stages that can be used in surveys and conceptualizing clear and precise comp...

Dance has been made mandatory as one of the physical education courses in Japan because it can cultivate capacities for expression and communication. Among several types of dance education, creative dance especially contributes to the cultivation of these capacities. However, creative dance requires some level of particular skills, as well as creativity, and it is difficult to presuppose these ...

Our research project investigates the effects of discourse features (particularly discourse connectives) on reading for adult beginner readers. The documents used in our experiments will be generated using a natural language generation (NLG) system. We plan a series of experiments with adult beginner readers of known reading level. The experiments will investigate the difficulty (or ease) such ...

This paper examines the prosodic organization of L2 Japanese produced by L1 Swedish at the beginner level. Japanese and Swedish have been well studied for their prosodic structures and some well-defined prosodic phrases have been proposed. However, these existing prosodic phrases are found to be inadequate in analyzing L2 intonation seen as interlanguage. Instead, it consists of some unique phr...