A number of algorithms based on the evolutionary processing have been proposed forcommunication networks backbone such as Genetic Algorithm (GA). However, there has beenlittle work on the SWARM optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) for backbone topology design. In this paper, the performance of PSO on GA isdiscussed and a new algorithm as PSOGA is proposed for the net...

recently, peer-to-peer (p2p) networks contribute to a large fraction of the internet backbone traffic. consequently, misusing such networks for malicious purposes is a potential side effect. in this review article, we investigate different techniques of misusing p2p overlay networks to launch large-scale next-generation distributed denial of service (ddos) attacks. in particular, we investigate...

Abstract Redundancy needs more precise characterization as it is a major factor in the evolution and robustness of networks multivariate interactions. We investigate complexity such interactions by inferring connection transitivity that includes all possible measures path length for weighted graphs. The result, without breaking graph into smaller components, distance backbone subgraph sufficien...

The paper investigates the construction of a joint graph as global structure network based on its primary structure, one problems arising in machine learning bases knowledge patterns with uncertainty, presented form algebraic Bayesian networks. aim research is to propose methods for solving inverse problem. As results, algorithms checking belonging family graphs and minimal are proposed, estima...

mobile ad hoc networks (manets) are composed of mobile stations communicating through wireless links, without any fixed backbone support. in these networks, limited power energy supply, and frequent topology changes caused by node mobility, makes their routing a challenging problem. tora is one of the routing protocols that successfully copes with the nodes’ mobility side effects, but it doesn’...

Given the wide range of services to be offered by future optical backbone networks, network survivability becomes a quintessential aspect of network design. The survivability schemes of such networking infrastructures can be realized in two basic forms, viz., restoration-based and protection-based schemes or an appropriate combination of both. This article provides a brief overview of survivabl...