ÐBSR (Broadcasting with Selective Reduction) is a PRAM more powerful than any CRCW PRAM. In order to extend the Broadcast Instruction of BSR and make it more useful for a large class of applications, this article permits it to use a general form of selection, specifically, an arbitrary relational expression. BSR with general selection is denoted by BSR‡. Thus, BSR or BSR with k criteria (k > 1)...

In image classification, can sparse representation (SR) associate one test image with all training ones from the correct class, but not associate with any training ones from the incorrect classes? The backward sparse representation (bSR) which contains complementary information in an opposite direction can remedy the imperfect associations discovered by the general forward sparse representation...

The hippocampus is a structure related to several cognitive processes, but not very much is known about its putative involvement in positive reinforcement. In its turn, the septum has been related to instrumental brain stimulation reward (BSR) by its electrical stimulation with trains of pulses. Although the anatomical relationships of the septo-hippocampal pathway are well established, the fun...

When an organism responds for a reward, its learned behavior can be characterized as goal-directed or habitual based on whether or not it is susceptible to reward devaluation. Here, we evaluated whether instrumental responding for brain stimulation reward (BSR) can be devalued using a paradigm traditionally used for natural rewards. Rats were trained to lever press for BSR; afterward, BSR was p...

Among the various elements affecting a customer’s evaluation of automobile quality, buzz, squeak, and rattle (BSR) are considered to be major factors. We propose an integrated experimental method that can be used to reduce BSR in an instrument panel module in a vehicle cabin, especially during the early design stage of vehicle development. We devised a vibration triggering system consisting of ...

The Bernays-Schönfinkel-Ramsey (BSR) class of formulas is the class of formulas that, when written in prenex normal form, have an ∃∀ quantifier prefix and do not contain any function symbols. This class is decidable. We show here that BSR theories can furthermore be combined with another disjoint decidable theory, so that we obtain a decision procedure for quantifier-free formulas in the combin...

C57BL/6J (C57) and DBA/2J (DBA) mice respond differently to drugs that affect dopamine systems, including alcohol. The current study compared effects of D1 and D2 receptor agonists and antagonists, and the interaction between D1/D2 antagonists and alcohol, on intracranial self-stimulation in male C57 and DBA mice to determine the role of dopamine receptors in the effects of alcohol on brain sti...

Fire emissions, smoke dispersion, and air quality are very important for fire fighting and planing of prescribed burning. BlueskyRAINS (BSR) is a comprehensive and state-of-the-art Decision Support System (DSS) for fire managers and air quality managers to plan fuels treatments and support state air quality smoke regulatory actions, especially related to prescribed fires. BSR has been created b...

Brown stem rot (BSR) caused by Cadophora gregata f. sp. adzukicola (syn. Phialophora gregata) is a serious soilborne disease of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) in Japan. Cultivation of resistant cultivars is the most effective disease control method, therefore the selection of resistant lines is a priority for breeders. BSR-resistant adzuki bean lines have been screened in pathogen-infected field...

Using an academically at-risk, ethnically diverse sample of 744 first-grade children, this study tested a multi-method (i.e., child performance measures, teacher ratings, and peer ratings) measurement model of learning-related skills (i.e., effortful control [EC], behavioral self-regulation [BSR], and social competence [SC]), and their shared and unique contributions to children's reading and m...