Palladium-catalyzed desulfitative and denitrogenative arylation of azoles with arylsulfonyl hydrazides has been achieved. A broad scope of azoles and arylsulfonyl hydrazides has been used to produce arylated azoles in high yields.

OBJECTIVE To identify and synthesise the evidence for efficacy and cost effectiveness of topical treatments for superficial fungal infections of the skin and nails of the feet. DESIGN Systematic review. INTERVENTIONS Topical treatments for superficial fungal infections. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cure confirmed by culture and microscopy for skin and by culture for nails in patients with clinic...

The direct and regioselective N-alkylation of amino-azoles to the corresponding 2-N-(alkylamino)azoles using various alcohols as alkylating agents with good to excellent yields has been accomplished by an iridium complex/base system.

A copper(II)-mediated regioselective N-arylation of azoles has been developed using 8-aminoquinoline amide as a directing group. This reaction shows a broad substrate scope with different azoles such as pyrroles, indoles, pyrazoles and carbazole with good yields.

Antifungal azoles inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis by interfering with lanosterol 14α-demethylase. In this study, seven upregulated and four downregulated ergosterol biosynthesis genes in response to ketoconazole treatment were identified in Neurospora crassa. Azole sensitivity test of knockout mutants for six ketoconazole-upregulated genes in ergosterol biosynthesis revealed that deletion of on...

Azoles used for invasive fungal infections include two classes, the imidazoles (ketoconazole) and the triazoles (itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole). A number of agents are available for topical use in different indications but this is beyond the paper’s focus. Azoles are usually recognized according to spectrum of activity and safety profiles. The imidazole ring is the synth...

Oligoribonucleotides have been synthesized directly from unprotected ribonucleosides by a chemical polymerization approach using phosphorus tris-azoles. The procedure involves two steps: (i) the reaction of unprotected ribonucleoside with phosphorus tris-azole and (ii) the in situ oxidation of the resulting phosphite with iodine and water. Several phosphorus tris-azoles were investigated for ge...

The incidence of serious fungal infections has increased dramatically in recent decades. This increase is mainly due to the advent of HIV and to the increased use of cancer chemotherapy and of immunosuppressive therapies in organ transplantation [1,2]. The treatment of fungal diseases involves several classes of antifungal agents, among which the imidazoleor triazole-based drugs (referred to co...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the use of miconazole among female prostitutes in Costa Rica as well as the distribution of vaginal yeasts and the susceptibility pattern to azoles of strains obtained from this population. Our intention was to relate a frequent use of miconazole to occurrence of vaginal yeasts resistant to azoles. METHODS Vaginal samples were taken from 277 patients that have previo...