During development many of neurons die by the phenomenon named programmed cell death or apoptosis and this reaction is regulated by neurotrophin (BDNF, NGF, NT3 and NT4/5). These neurotrophins bind to two different classes of transmembrane receptor proteins, the Trks and P75 NTR. Axotomy can induce apoptosis after birth and deprenyl is a an inhibitor of monoamineoxidase type-B and seems to act ...

Nerve injury leads to the induction of a large number of genes to repair the damage and to restore synaptic transmission. We have attempted to identify molecules whose mRNA expression is altered in response to facial nerve axotomy. Here we report that facial nerve axotomy upregulates Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and its receptor Smoothened (Smo) in facial motor neurons of adult rats, whereas facial ner...

We used rat rubrospinal neurons as a model to study the soma-dendritic morphology of cord-projection neurons following spinal axonal injury. We examined lumbar-projection neurons following both upper cervical and lower thoracic axotomy to find out whether changes were dependent on the proximity of the lesion to the cell body. Axotomized neurons were marked with retrograde tracer and studied 4 a...

background and objective: evaluation of degenerative changes of motoneurons and their related synapses can be useful in understanding the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and their potential treatment. the present electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study investigates the axotomy-induced changes of adult spinal motoneurons up to 3 months following sciatic nerve transection. mat...

During development many of neurons die by the phenomenon named programmed cell death or apoptosis and this reaction is regulated by neurotrophin (BDNF, NGF, NT3 and NT4/5). These neurotrophins bind to two different classes of transmembrane receptor proteins, the Trks and P75 NTR. Axotomy can induce apoptosis after birth and deprenyl is a an inhibitor of monoamineoxidase type-B and seems to act ...

Axotomy-induced motor neuron death occurs within a week in the neonatal rat and mouse. However, slowly progressive motor neuron death, which takes more than a month, occurs after axotomy in the adult mouse (C57BL/6) but not in the adult rat (Wistar). Here we demonstrate that expression of a p53-inducible Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3)-only protein, Noxa, is enhanced in axotomized neurons of the ...

Neurons confined within the mammalian CNS usually do not regenerate after axonal injury, while axonal regeneration is the rule in the PNS. It has been hypothesized that this may be related to differences in the microenvironment of the PNS versus CNS and to differences in the neuronal response to injury. In order to test the latter hypothesis, we compared changes in gene expression after axotomy...

background and objective: sciatic nerve transection is characterized by a rapid wave of motoneuron death associated with progressive synaptic lesions. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term synaptic changes. materials and methods: this basic study was carried out on paraffin- or resin-embedded tissue blocks for evaluation of synaptophysin and choline acetyl transaferase (chat) ...

To determine whether changes in androgen receptor (AR) expression are associated with trophic actions of androgens, we have examined the laryngeal motor nucleus (N. IX-X) of Xenopus laevis 1 and 5 months after section of the laryngeal nerve. In situ hybridization was used to recognize cells expressing mRNA for the Xenopus AR and bromodeoxyuridine to assess cell proliferation. In addition, the t...

Galanin expression markedly increases in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) after sciatic nerve axotomy and modulates pain behavior and regeneration of sensory neurons. Here, we describe transgenic mice expressing constructs with varying amounts of sequence upstream of the murine galanin gene marked by LacZ. The 20 kb region upstream of the galanin gene recapitulates the endogenous expression patte...