Granular materials have a tendency to exhibit an arching effect by which the load is transferred from yielding parts to adjacent stationary parts. Retaining walls are among those structures that the soil arching plays an important role in the distribution of earth pressures. This paper briefly reviews the development of soil arching theory and its application to different geotechnical projects....

Experimental and numerical tests of the trap-door problem have been carried out, involving several granular materials. Three phases have been observed in the load transfer mechanism, as the trap-door is moved downward. The classical pattern for the description of this type of problem (a vertical plane of failure at each edge of the trap-door) corresponds to the third phase observed. The previou...

AIM To report two cases of the left testicular artery arching over the left renal vein (LRV) before running downward to the testis. METHODS The subjects were obtained from two Japanese cadavers. During the student course of gross-anatomical dissection, the anatomical relationship between the testicular vessels and the renal vein was specifically observed. RESULTS The arching left testicular...

Compared with single or twin tunnels, the pressure arch effect of deeply buried, symmetrically distributed triple tunnels are more complex and less studied. In this paper, arching responses in-situ measured in Badaling Great Wall station. Numerical research is subsequently conducted to investigate formation development tunnels. Then, influencing law buried depth on behavior systematically Based...

In this paper we propose an extension of the model of Liu, Coppersmith et al. [1, 2], in order to allow for arch formation. This extended model qualitatively captures interesting properties of granular materials due to fluctuations of stress paths, such as stress fluctuations and stick-slip motion.