PURPOSE To evaluate, in terms of their protective features, the lead aprons used in areas working with ionizing radiation at a hospital by analyzing qualitative and quantitative aspects using a variety of methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-five protective lead aprons used in our hospital's clinics to work with ionizing radiation were analyzed in the radiology unit. Each apron was identifie...

BACKGROUND Medical doctors who perform C-arm fluoroscopy-guided procedures are exposed to X-ray radiation. Therefore, radiation-protective shields are recommended to protect these doctors from radiation. For the past several years, these protective shields have sometimes been used without regular inspection. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of damage to radiation-protective s...

At present, interventional radiology (IVR) tends to involve long procedures (long radiation duration), and physicians are near to the source of scattered radiation. Hence, shielding is critical in protecting physicians from radiation. Protective aprons and additional lead-shielding devices, such as tableside lead drapes, are important means of protecting the physician from scattered radiation. ...

Lobate debris aprons in the martian midto high-latitudes (northern and southern hemispheres) have been interpreted as ice-related features that indicate periglacial climate conditions as recently as late Amazonian. Using MOLA topographic profiles perpendicular to apron flow fronts, we surveyed 36 debris aprons in the northern hemisphere found in the regions of Mareotis, Protonilus, and Deuteron...

Lead aprons utilized by personnel performing fluoroscopy are routinely inspected for damage to comply with the requirements of hospital accrediting organizations. Fluoroscopic or radiographic examination of lead aprons may reveal imperfections ranging from small pinholes to large tears. Currently, there are no standards establishing a criteria for acceptance or rejection of lead aprons. As a co...

Introduction: A wide variety of midto highlatitude surface features on Mars has long been attributed to viscous creep and flow phenomena associated with near-surface ground ice. On the basis of Viking Orbiter images, Squyres [1] identified two classes of creep-related landforms: (1) softened terrain, which results from in situ viscous deformation and is particularly evident in impact craters wi...

In the past, nurses’ cotton uniforms have been implicated in the spread of microorganisms and this led to the widespread use of disposable plastic aprons. However, plastic is notorious in acquiring static electric charge which is able to attract airborne micro-organisms. In this study, five different types of ordinary and antistatic nurses’ plastic aprons were tested both electrostatically and ...

Few practical evaluation studies have been conducted on X-ray protective aprons in workplaces. We examined the effects of exchanging the protective apron type with regard to exposure reduction in experimental and practical fields, and discuss the effectiveness of X-ray protective aprons. Experimental field evaluations were performed by the measurement of the X-ray transmission rates of protecti...

The mid-latitudes of Mars are host to a record of recent episodes of accumulations of ice-rich materials. The record includes debris aprons, interpreted to be debris-covered glaciers, that may represent the preserved remnants of a much more extensive ice sheet. We assessed the possibility of former glacial extents by examining debris aprons and the surrounding plains in Deuteronilus Mensae. Geo...

[1] Subsurface radar sounding data indicate that lobate debris aprons found in Deuteronilus Mensae in the midnorthern latitudes of Mars are composed predominantly of water ice. The position in time delay and the relatively low amount of signal loss of the apparent basal reflectors below the debris aprons indicate that aprons contain only a minor component of lithic material. The current presenc...