Background: Synanthropic ants can transmit pathogens especially in hospital environments,  but this fact had not been confirmed in Palaearctic region. This is the first study on confirming this ability of ants in this region. Methods: Three hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran have been selected for monthly sampling of ants in their various wards. The main processe...

This paper utilizes recent optimization algorithm called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) for optimal design of skeletal structures. The ALO is based on the hunting mechanism of Antlions in nature. The random walk of ants, building traps, entrapment of ants in traps, catching preys, and re-building traps are main steps for this algorithm. The new algorithm is examined by designing three truss and frame...

Routing in computer networks has played a special role in recent years. The cause of this is the role of routing in a performance of the networks. The quality of service and security is one of the most important challenges in routing due to lack of reliable methods. Routers use routing algorithms to find the best route to a particular destination. When talking about the best path, we consider p...

One of the most important micro engineers of the terrestrial ecosystems, especially in the arid areas is the harvester ants due to their activity in the soil through nest building; they can make major changes while influencing the surface and subsurface in the rangeland soil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of harvester ants (Messor spp.) on some soil properties in Rood...

Routing in computer networks has played a special role in recent years. The cause of this is the role of routing in a performance of the networks. The quality of service and security is one of the most important challenges in routing due to lack of reliable methods. Routers use routing algorithms to find the best route to a particular destination. When talking about the best path, we consider p...

mutualistic interaction between aphids and ants is one of the classical examples of mutualism. the current study was carried out during 2013-2014 in golestan province, north-eastern iran, to investigate the myrmecophilous aphids and their relationships with ants. in this study, 11 ant species representing seven genera and two subfamilies associated with 12 aphid species belonging to two subfami...

Harvester ants (Messor galla Forel) defied various control strategies. Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Spent Engine-Oil and other nature-based materials on their emergence in Maiduguri, Borno State of Nigeria. The treatments evaluated are spot application of spent engine-oil and some natural materials in experiment 1 and individual and equal mixture of Pure Neem ...

Foraging in leaf-cutting ants is generally organized along well-defined recruitment trails supporting a bi-directional flow of outbound and nestbound individuals. This study attempts to reveal the priority rules governing the organization of traffic on these trails. Ants were forced to move on a narrow trail, allowing the passage of only two individuals at a time. In this condition, a desynchro...

by far, different models for determining the relationship between the flow rate  and amount of precipitation have been developed. many models are based on regression models with limited assumptions. one of the most common methods for estimating  sediment of rivers is sediment rating curve. for better estimation of the amount of sediment based of sediment curve  rating equation, it is possible t...