CONTEXT Increased Anti-Mullerian Hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome, may be due to overactive follicles rather than reflect antral follicle count. OBJECTIVE Does Anti-Mullerian Hormone reflect antral follicle count similarly in women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome or polycystic ovarian morphology? DESIGN Cross-sectional, case-control. SETTING Women who delivered preterm in 19...

OBJECTIVE To study the value of a single antral follicle count and the additional value of repeated counts in different cycles for the prediction of poor ovarian response in IVF. DESIGN Prospective. SETTING Tertiary fertility center. PATIENT(S) One hundred twenty women undergoing their first IVF cycle. INTERVENTION(S) Measurement of the number of antral follicles on cycle day 3 in two s...

Mammalian reproduction hinges upon the timely ovulation of a fully differentiated oocyte. This event is the culmination of a complex and dynamic developmental relationship between the oocyte and the antral follicle housing it; the antral follicle constitutes a specialized microenvironment or niche, uniquely suited to the needs of the oocyte as it approaches ovulation. During this time, the oocy...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation between reproductive age and ultrasound (US)-based follicle counts and the reproducibility of follicle counts in regularly cycling women with proven fertility. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Tertiary fertility center. PATIENT(S) Healthy female volunteers with proven fertility, recruited by advertisement in local newspapers. INTERVEN...

The pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) is a reproductive toxicant that targets antral follicles of the mammalian ovary. Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize MXC to mono-OH MXC (1,1,1-trichloro-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane [mono-OH]) and bis-OH MXC (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane [HPTE]), two compounds that are proposed to be more toxic than the parent compound, can inte...

The ordered changes which occur in the structural organization of the mouse oocyte nucelus during the preparatory, the maturative and the preovulatory stages of antral follicle development, have been studied under both light and electron microscopy. All observations have been made on those antral follicles whose development is initiated on postnatal day 14 and completed by postnatal day 28 in p...

Methoxychlor (MXC) is an organochlorine pesticide and reproductive toxicant. While in vivo studies indicate that MXC exposure increases antral follicle atresia, in part by altering apoptotic regulators (Bcl-2 and Bax), they do not distinguish whether MXC does so via direct or indirect mechanisms. Therefore, we utilized an in vitro follicle culture system to test the hypothesis that MXC is direc...

Purpose To identify which methods used in the assessment of the ovarian reserve are exclusive or complementary to identify the best response to follicle development. Methods Retrospective cohort study, involving patients undergoing assisted reproduction treatment at the Instituto de Medicina Reprodutiva e Fetal, from April 2009 to July 2014. Age, biochemical tests, and ultrasound were assessed....

BACKGROUND Several studies have reported a correlation between antral follicle count by conventional 2D transvaginal sonography and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels. However, few studies have investigated the effectiveness of 3D SonoAVC transvaginal ultrasound technology, particularly in infertile women. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) SonoAVC ...

The ability of an oocyte to successfully mature is highly dependent on intrafollicular conditions, including the size and structure of the follicle. Here we present a mathematical model of oxygen transport in the antral follicle. We relate mean oxygen concentration in follicular fluid of bovine follicles to the concentration in the immediate vicinity of the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). The mod...