نتایج جستجو برای: Annealing time
تعداد نتایج: 1913073 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Chromium oxide (α-Cr2O3) thin films were prepared using thermal annealing of chromium (Cr)films deposited on quartz substrates by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The annealingprocess of the films was performed for different times of 60, 120,180 and 240 min. The influenceof annealing time on structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared films wasinvestigated by diffe...
recrystallization behavior of deep drawing low carbon steel sheets produced by mobarakeh steel plant
in the present work the recrystallization behavior of deep drawing grade al-killed low carbon steel sheets produced by mobarakeh steel plant (msp) has been studied. salt bath isothermal annealing has been applied to cold rolled samples and the resulted microstrucrures have been compared with the microstructure obtained from the box annealing process in msp. it is found that at 635 and 700ºc the...
An annealing time of 30-45 seconds is commonly used in PCR reactions. Increase in annealing time up o 2-3 minutes did not appreciably influence the outcome of the PCR reactions. However, as the polymerase has some reduced activity between 45 and 65 C (interval in which most annealing temperature are chosen), longer annealing times may increase the likelihood of unspecific amplification products...
delivering perishable products to customers as soon as possible and with the minimum cost has been always a challenge for producers and has been emphasized over recent years due to the global market becoming more competitive. in this paper a multi-objective mix integer non-linear programming model is proposed to maximize both profits of a distributer and the total freshness of the several produ...
In order to recovery the thermoluminescence (TL) sensitivity of CaF2:Mn (TLD-400) thermoluminescent dosimeter it was exposed to high gamma radiation dose of 10kGy, then by applying standard annealing followed by irradiation to 1Gy gamma dose, the TL signal was recorded . The TL response reduced due to the damage effect of high dose irradiation in comparison with control dosimeter with received ...
In this study, the effect of mechanical alloying on the microstructure and phase constituents of Mg-6Al-1Zn-1Si system was investigated. To understand the thermal behavior, isothermal annealing was performed at three different temperatures of 350, 400 and 450 °C for 1h. The results showed the grain size initially decreases with increasing the milling time up to 35h and then slightly increases. ...
In this paper, Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BCSCCO) system superconductor is made by the solid state reaction method. The effect of doping Pb, Cd, Sb, Cu and annealing time on the critical temperature and critical current density have been investigated. The microstructure and morphology of the samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray. The resu...
the effect of niobium on the formation of nanostructured low carbon steel using martensite treatment
the formation of nano/ultrafine grained ferrite in low carbon steels containing different amounts of niobiumwas investigated using thermomechanical treatment which consisted of annealing of 85% cold rolled martensite with different parameters. the specimens were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and vickers hardness test. a lamellar dislocation cell structure was formed ...
this paper presents a multi-criteria vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (vrpstw) to mini-mize fleet cost, routes cost, and violation of soft time windows penalty. in this case, the fleet is heterogene-ous. the vrpstw consists of a number of constraints in which vehicles are allowed to serve customers out of the desirable time window by a penalty. it is assumed that this relaxation a...
markov chain anticipation for the online traveling salesman problem by simulated annealing algorithm
the arc costs are assumed to be online parameters of the network and decisions should be made while the costs of arcs are not known. the policies determine the permitted nodes and arcs to traverse and they are generally defined according to the departure nodes of the current policy nodes. in on-line created tours arc costs are not available for decision makers. the on-line traversed nodes are f...
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