Silk yarns were dyed by using commercial basic, reactive and pre-metallised acid dyes. An aftertreatment with a commercial synthetic tanning agent (syntan) was applied to the dyeings and the aftertreated dyeings were further treated with metal salts in an attempt to improve wash fastness properties. When all samples (untreated, syntanned and syntanned/ backtanned speciments) were subjected five...

Substantial progress in engine emission control is needed in order to meet present and proposed regulations for both spark ignition and diesel engines. Tightening regulations throughout the world reflect the ongoing concern with vehicle emissions. Recently developed compact plasmatron fuel converters have features that are suitable for onboard production of hydrogen for both fuel pretreatment a...

Citation: Joshi MC, Gosala DB, Allen CM, Vos K, Van Voorhis M, Taylor A, Shaver GM, McCarthy J, Jr. Stretch D, Koeberlein E and Farrell L (2017) Reducing Diesel Engine Drive Cycle Fuel Consumption through Use of Cylinder Deactivation to Maintain Aftertreatment Component Temperature during Idle and Low Load Operating Conditions. Front. Mech. Eng. 3:8. doi: 10.3389/fmech.2017.00008 reducing Diese...

Improvements in diesel engine aftertreatment technology are needed to meet future environmental quality goals. Systems using recently developed compact plasmatron fuel converters in conjunction with aftertreatment catalysts could provide new opportunities for obtaining significant pollution reductions. Use of compact plasmatron reformers to produce hydrogen-rich gas for the regeneration of NOx ...

Recently, it has been shown that the degree of loading of several types of automotive exhaust aftertreatment devices can be directly monitored in situ and in a contactless way by a microwave-based method. The goal of this study was to clarify whether this method can also be applied to NOx storage and reduction catalysts (lean NOx traps) in order to obtain further knowledge about the reactions o...

Control of aftertreatment systems for lean burn technology engines represents a big challenge, due to the lack of on-board emission measurements and the sensitivity of the hardware components to ageing and sulphur poisoning. In this paper, we consider the control and adaptation of aftertreatment systems involving lean NOx trap (LNT). A phenomenological LNT model is presented to facilitate the m...

BACKGROUND Changing the fuel supply from petroleum based ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) to biodiesel and its blends is considered by many to be a viable option for controlling exposures to particulate material (PM). This is critical in the mining industry where approximately 28,000 underground miners are potentially exposed to relatively high concentrations of diesel particulate matter (DPM). T...