Atmosphere-ocean coupling effect on the frequency distribution of tropical cyclones (TCs) and its future change is studied using an atmosphere and ocean coupled general circulation model (AOGCM). In the present climate simulation, the atmosphere-ocean coupling in the AOGCM improves biases in the AGCM such as the poleward shift of the maximum of intense TC distribution in the Northern Hemisphere...

The possibility of a rapid collapse in the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), with associated impacts on climate, has long been recognized. The suggested basis for this risk is the existence of two stable regimes of the AMOC (‘on’ and ‘off’), and such bistable behaviour has been identified in a range of simplified climate models. However, up to now, no state-of-...

Current scientific knowledge on the future response of the climate system to human-induced perturbations is comprehensively captured by various model intercomparison efforts. In the preparation of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), intercomparisons were organized for atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) and carbon cycle mo...

Forecasting researchers, with few exceptions, have ignored the current major forecasting controversy: global warming and the role of climate modelling in resolving this challenging topic. In this paper, we take a forecaster’s perspective in reviewing established principles for validating the atmospheric-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) used in most climate forecasting, and in particula...

A B S T R A C T Of the two dozen or so global atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs), many share parameterizations, components or numerical schemes, and several are developed by the same institutions. Thus it is natural to suspect that some of the AOGCMs have correlated error patterns. Here we present a local eigenvalue analysis for the AOGCM errors based on statistically quantifi...

due to the growth of industries and factories, deforestation and other environmental degradation a well as greenhouse gases have been increasing greenhouse gases on the earth's surface in recent decades. this increase disturbs the climate of the earth and is called climate change. an increase in greenhouse gases in the future could exacerbate the climate change phenomenon and have several ...

Of the two dozen or so global atmosphere ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs), many share parameterizations, components or numerical schemes, and several are developed by the same institutions. Thus it is natural to suspect that some of the AOGCMs have correlated error patterns. Here we present a local eigenvalue analysis for the AOGCM errors based on statistically quantified correlation m...

Climate changes caused by global warming has presented challenges to human society. Studying the Changes of climate variables in the future decades by using output data’s of Atmosphere-Ocean Global Circulation Models (AOGCM) is a way of perusing climate fluctuation in a region. In this study, the focus is on the AOGCM proceeds in simulating of variable temperature in Ahwaz and Abadan stations. ...

The thermohaline circulation (THC) in the North Atlantic plays a vital role in explaining past abrupt climate changes and in maintaining the current climate. Its remarkable nonlinear dynamics, first demonstrated by Stommel, has been supported by various types of climate models. This has led to severe concerns that global warming may shut down the THC irreversibly, with consequent catastrophic c...

[1] Observations and simulations (using the HadCM3 AOGCM) of time-dependent twentieth-century climate change indicate a linear relationship F = rDT between radiative forcing F and global mean surface air temperature change DT. The same is a good description of DT from CMIP3 AOGCMs integrated with CO2 increasing at 1% per year compounded. The constant ‘‘climate resistance’’ r is related to the t...