Our study evaluated the differences between early and late hemodialysis (HD) initiation in the intensive care unit (ICU) according to the RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal failure) and AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network) classifications. On the assumption that early initiation of HD in critical patients according to the RIFLE and AKIN criteria decreases mortality, we retros...

Akin osteotomy is a common component of hallux valgus surgery. Holding the osteotomy in good position with a well placed staple can prove difficult. To aid this, a marker pen is used to apply ink to the tip of the proximal limb of the staple (Fig 1). A hole is drilled in the distal bone and the non-inked staple limb is inserted while the osteotomy is held in the desired position. This causes tr...