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The Drosophila kinesin-family protein Costal 2 (Cos2) and its mammalian ortholog Kif7 play dual roles in Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. In theabsenceofHh,Cos2andKif7 contribute toproteolytic processing and silencing of the Hh-regulated transcription factors, Drosophila Cubitus interruptus (Ci) andmammalianGli proteins. Cos2 andKif7 are also necessary for full activation of full-length Ci-155 and Gli ...
The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is known to play a vital role in the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are reported to be the origin of malignant cancers, and result in poor prognosis of multiple kinds of cancer. Therefore, it is of great importance to illuminate the mechanism by which the Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulates the cancer stem cell-like traits in cancers. Here, we re...
Avibactam, a novel non-b-lactam b-lactamase inhibitor with activity against Ambler class A, class C, and some class D enzymes is being evaluated in combination with various b-lactam antibiotics to treat serious bacterial infections. The in vivo mass balance recovery and metabolite profile of [C] avibactam (500 mg/1-h infusion) was assessed in six healthy male subjects, and a series of in vitro ...
A relation has been assumed between the pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) 1 and a preceding infection with measles virus that had been contracted some 10 yr before (1). Although no formal proof exists that measles virus has remained present in individual children suffering from SSPE, this is generally believed to be the case. Thus it is not known where the measles virus...
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an attractive death ligand in targeted cancer therapy. Many cancer cells are refractory to TRAIL-induced cell death and the mechanisms underlying resistance are unclear. The molecular mechanisms of HCC and gastric cancer cells resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis were explored using molecular biological and immunological methods...
-This paper reviews some leading novel energy conversion approaches which are aimed at improving power generation efficiency and/or reducing harmful emissions. Some of the concepts used for cycle improvement are higher top temperatures, improved combustion systems, evasion of the Carnot limit by integration with fuel cells and direct nuclear energy conversion to power (the nuclear generator), r...
The interaction between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human hepatic innate antiviral responses is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine how human hepatocytes respond to HCV infection. An infectious HCV isolate, JFH1, was used to infect a newly established human hepatoma cell line HLCZ01. Viral RNA or NS5A protein was examined by real-time PCR or immunofluorescence respectively. The mechan...
A new adeno-associated virus (AAV), referred to as AAV(VR-942), has been isolated as a contaminant of adenovirus strain simian virus 17. The sequence of the rep gene places it in the AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) complementation group, while the capsid is only 88% identical to that of AAV2. High-level AAV(VR-942) transduction activity requires cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, although AAV(VR...
PURPOSE To identify tissue microRNAs predictive of sunitinib activity in patients with metastatic renal-cell-carcinoma (MRCC) and to evaluate in vitro their mechanism of action in sunitinib resistance. METHODS We screened 673 microRNAs using TaqMan Low-density-Arrays (TLDAs) in tumors from MRCC patients with extreme phenotypes of marked efficacy and resistance to sunitinib, selected from an i...
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