Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that plays an important role in renal tubular injury and regeneration in acute kidney injury. However, its role in the development of renal fibrosis, often a long-term consequence of acute kidney injury, is unknown. Using amousemodel of renal fibrosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury, we demonstrate increased GSK3β e...

The disposition of a single oral dose of 5 mg (100 mCi) of [C]axitinib was investigated in fasted healthy human subjects (N = 8). Axitinib was rapidly absorbed, with a median plasma Tmax of 2.2 hours and a geometric mean Cmax and half-life of 29.2 ng/ml and 10.6 hours, respectively. The plasma total radioactivity-time profile was similar to that of axitinib but the AUC was greater, suggesting t...

In order to expand the use of nanoscaled silicon structures we present a new etching method that allows us to shape silicon with sub-10 nm precision. This top-down, CMOS compatible etching scheme allows us to fabricate silicon devices with quantum behavior without relying on difficult lateral lithography. We utilize this novel etching process to create quantum dots, quantum wires, vertical tran...

The Drosophila kinesin-family protein Costal 2 (Cos2) and its mammalian ortholog Kif7 play dual roles in Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. In theabsenceofHh,Cos2andKif7 contribute toproteolytic processing and silencing of the Hh-regulated transcription factors, Drosophila Cubitus interruptus (Ci) andmammalianGli proteins. Cos2 andKif7 are also necessary for full activation of full-length Ci-155 and Gli ...

The subarachnoid space, where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows over the brain and spinal cord, is lined on one side by arachnoid barrier (AB) cells that form part of the blood-CSF barrier. However, despite the fact that drugs are administered into the CSF and CSF drug concentrations are used as a surrogate for brain drug concentration following systemic drug administration, the tightjunctioned A...

PURPOSE To report the psychometrics of the Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool (GTCAT), a new questionnaire designed to assess adherence with glaucoma therapy. METHODS We developed the questionnaire according to the constructs of the Health Belief Model. We evaluated the questionnaire using data from a cross-sectional study with focus groups (n = 20) and a prospective observational ...