Whereas cost-effective interventions exist for the control of micronutrient malnutrition (MN), in low-resource settings field-friendly tools to assess the effect of these interventions are underutilized or not readily availablewhere theyaremost needed.Conventional approaches for MN measurement are expensive and require relatively sophisticated laboratory instrumentation, skilled technicians, go...

Most synaptic transmission in mammalian brains occurs via glutamate receptors (GluRs). Synthesis and localization of GluRs is essential for brain development, and GluR changes underlie learning, memory, and many different neuropathologies. Several lines of evidence suggest that GluR synthesis may be regulated by microRNAs, which suppress gene expression in a variety of organisms and tissue type...

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which mediates biological actions in many physiological processes, is activated by cytokines and growth factors via specific tyrosine or serine phosphorylation, dimerization and nuclear translocation. A recent study has demonstrated, by using antibody to acetylated lysine, and a STAT3 mutant with Lys-685-to-Arg substitution, that STAT3...

interest because of the possibility that they could be used to replace neurons that have been damaged or lost — perhaps as a result of injury such as trauma or stroke, or through neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. These stem cells can give rise to neurons and their supporting cells, glia, and it is hoped that something akin to neural stem cells in the adult human brain cou...

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Tissue biomass (ash-free dry weight) and symbiotic dinoflagellates (density, chlorophyll a cell21 or cm22 of coral surface area) of five species of reef-building corals were monitored seasonally for up to 4 yr at three different depths in the Bahamas. The lowest values of all tissue biomass and algal symbiont parameters occurred during the late summer–fall sample periods. In contrast, the highe...

Christophe SIMON Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, ESSTIN 2 Rue Jean Lamour, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France Tél : +33 (0)383 685 134 Fax : +33 (0)383 685 001 email: [email protected] Frédérique BICKING Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, ESSTIN 2 Rue Jean Lamour, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France Tél : +33 (0)383 685 134 Fax : +33 (0)383 685 001 email: Frederiq...

is a member of the STAT protein family, and is mainly activated by the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines, interferons, epidermal growth factor and leptin. Similar to other members of the STAT family, upon cytokine stimulation, STAT3 is tyrosine-phosphorylated at Tyr-705 by Janus kinases (Jaks), and is subsequently dimerized and translocated to the nucleus to activate its target genes. STAT...