a wind turbine transformer (wtt) is designed using a 3d wound core while the transformer’s total owning cost (toc) and its inrush current performance realized as the two objective functions in a multi-objective optimization process. multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to derive pareto optimal solutions. the effects of inrush current improvement on other operating and design parameters...

A wind turbine transformer (WTT) is designed using a 3D wound core while the transformer’s total owning cost (TOC) and its inrush current performance realized as the two objective functions in a multi-objective optimization process. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to derive Pareto optimal solutions. The effects of inrush current improvement on other operating and design parameters...

Wound healing is a well-orchestrated process, with various cells and growth factors coming into the wound bed at a specific time to influence the healing. Understanding the wound healing process is essential to generating wound healing products that help with hard-to-heal acute wounds and chronic wounds. The 2D scratch assay whereby a wound is created by scratching a confluent layer of cells on...

Recently, tape wound cores due to their excellent magnetic properties, are widely used in different types of transformers. Performance prediction of these transformers needs an accurate model with ability to determine flux distribution within the core and magnetic loss. Spiral structure of tape wound cores affects the flux distribution and always cause complication of analysis. In this paper, a...

Simple equivalent permeability and reluctance models are obtained for the transformer core joints from the analysis of the magnetic flux. It is shown that the flux variations in the joint zone can be fitted with simple Gaussian expressions suitable for transformer design purposes. These models are derived from 2D and 3D finite element simulations. The magnetic flux distribution in the transform...

BACKGROUND In the paediatric population careful attention needs to be made concerning techniques utilised for wound assessment to minimise discomfort and stress to the child. AIM To investigate whether 3D photography is a valid measure of burn wound area in children compared to the current clinical gold standard method of digital planimetry using Visitrak™. METHOD Twenty-five children prese...

We report the case of a 46-year-old female who presented with a category IV pressure ulcer (PU) in the sacral region. Undermining of the PU was assessed with the aid of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US).3D-US clearly visualized the wound in three directions and allowed determination of its volume. Our results show that volumetric analysis carried out with 3D-US enables th...

Power transformer analysis and design focusing on the equivalent circuit parameter evaluation by magnetic field numerical calculation is presented. Two kinds of numerical techniques are examined: the threedimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM), adopting a particular reduced scalar potential formulation and the 3D mixed finite element-boundary element (FEM-BEM) method. The methods are vali...

We investigated the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on wound healing using a three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel scaffold. Three circular full-thickness skin defects were created on the back of Sprague-Dawley rats. One site was covered with a 3D collagen gel containing 2 × 10(6) MSCs (MSCs+/3D collagen+). Another site was replaced with a 3D collagen gel without MSCs and the third site ...