Executive Summary • Issuers and states faced considerable challenges in 2018 due to federal policy changes and uncertainty, including reduced carrier participation and the need to make premium work-arounds to address the removal of direct federal funding for the cost-sharing reduction (“CSR”) program. For those receiving subsidies, their premium cost fell on average 3 percent in federally facil...

participation is a process in which people involved to make endeavors aiming at a common goal; and they do this actively, freely with awareness and accountability. women participation as one of the principles for development can be studied from different perspectives. the objective of the present study is to investigate social and cultural factors influencing social participation of rural women...

In this study, more than 398 high-school students through cluster stratified sampling method were chosen in Hamedan. The data were gathered by a questionnaire and statistical indexes like T.Test, variance analysis, Pearson correlation, multivariable regressions, factor analysis and path analysis were applied. The results show that the average of political participation is 14.83 out of 27.85 and...

Factors leading physicians to sign the 1984 Medicare participation agreement are assessed in this study. The decision was highly sensitive to Medicare reimbursement levels. A 10-percent increase in the Medicare reasonable charge increased average participation rates by 9.5 percent, or 3.2 percentage points (around the mean of 34 percent). Higher collection costs associated with obtaining that p...

This paper quantitatively tests how much of the post-WWII evolution in employment and average wages by gender can be explained by a model where changing labor demand requirements are the driving forces. I argue that a big fraction of the original female employment and wage gaps in mid-century, and the subsequent shrinking of both gaps, are explained by labor reallocation from brawn-intensive to...

The purpose of this study was to characterize the average dental school applicant's participation in four nonacademic areas: shadowing, extracurricular activities, volunteer experiences, and research. Demographic, academic, and nonacademic information was compared for 12 percent of all applicants to U.S. dental schools in 2005. Applicants had an average GPA of 3.23 and DAT Academic Average of 1...

the general purpose of this article is to identify the influencing factors on rural women participation inagricultural extension programs in mazandaran province. therefore, using multi-stage sampling, 300 ruralwomen were selected randomly. the research instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire. results showthat rural women participation in agricultural extension programs is at average leve...

We analyzed the medical records of patients admitted to 11 hospitals over a 15-year period, looking for those with metabolically active sporadic pheochromocytomas (Group A) and those in whom the diagnosis was highly suspect but excluded (Group B). Fifty-three patients in Group A and 25 patients in Group B were found. We then devised a scoring system based on the presence or absence of typical s...

This study investigates the sources of regional differences in women’s participation in Japan. While it is known that the female participation rate is low in Japan, it is perhaps less known that it differs significantly across regions within the country. In particular, in the Northern Coastal region of Honshu Island, the female participation rate is much higher than elsewhere. The participation...