In the domain of knowledge discovery in databases and its computational part called data mining, many works addressed the problem of association rule extraction that aims at discovering relationships between sets of items (binary attributes). An example association rule fitting in the context of market basket data analysis is cereal ∧ milk → sugar (support 10%, confidence 60%). This rule states...

Directed fusion of transmitter-laden vesicles enables rapid intercellular signaling in the central nervous system and occurs at synapses within gray matter. Here we show that action potentials also induce the release of glutamate from axons in the corpus callosum, a white matter region responsible for interhemispheric communication. Callosal axons release glutamate by vesicular fusion, which in...

National curricula need to change drastically to comply with the competences needed for the 21 century. In this paper eight frameworks describing 21 century competences were analysed. A comprehensive search for information about 21 century competences was conducted across the official websites of the selected frameworks, resulting in 32 documents that were analysed in detail. Travers and Westbu...

Giriş: Hafif astım, persistan rinit ve astım-rinit birlikteliği olan hastalarda ekshale soluk havasında malondialdehid ve total protein düzeyleri incelenerek alt hava yolu inflamasyonu değerlendirilmiştir. Hastalar ve Metod: Hafif astım, en az bir yıldır semptomatik olan persistan rinitli hastalar ve sağlıklı bireyler çalışmaya dahil edildi. Astımlı ve rinitli hastalar yeni tanı almış olup, kor...

We performed a logistic regression analysis to evaluate the predictive value of ultrasonongraphy-detectable features of cervical lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The goal of this analysis was to determine whether certain ultrasound features were useful for accurate differential diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes metastasis with underlying nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this i...

The increased incidence of allergic disease seems to rely on many factors. Among them, the association between genetic variations of the immune response and environmental pressure by allergens, infectious agents and pollutants should be taken into consideration. In alternative to conventional treatments with corticosteroids and antihistaminics, nutraceuticals have been shown to act on allergic ...

My aim in this brief introduction is to organize the Symposium articles around two questions, recognizing that doing so means ignoring other important questions to which the articles attend. I also aim to paint in broad strokes, thus also ignoring much of the argumentative subtlety and nuance contained in the articles. With those caveats on the table, the questions are these: First, does mercy ...