Dielectric constant values of the samples of soil of Alwar (at various moist states) have been calculated using wave guide cell method at a single microwave frequency 9.78 GHz at 33C. The Backscattering coefficients for rough and bare soil surfaces 0 soil σ are calculated by Small Perturbation Model (SPM). Fresnal reflectivity of the soil surfaces which is an input parameter for SPM is calculat...

Urban soils in many cities have been found to be contaminated with lead from past usage of leaded petrol, deteriorating lead-based exterior paints and industrial sources. Currently, the spatial distribution of soil lead concentrations in the Melbourne metropolitan area is unknown. The objective of this study was to perform a preliminary assessment of the spatial distributions of the surface soi...

The local model fitting (LMF) method is a useful single-shot surface profiling algorithm based on spatial carrier frequency fringe patterns. The measurement principle of the LMF method relies on the assumption that the target surface is locally flat. In this paper, we first analyze the measurement error of the LMF method caused by violation of the locally flat assumption. More specifically, we ...

While the effect of soil temperature and moisture on soil CO2 efflux (Ec) has been widely investigated, the relationship between Ec and soil carbon (C), root, and stand parameters has not been comprehensively examined or quantified across extensive spatial and temporal scales. We measured Ec in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands located on the South Carolina Coastal Plain across sites, seaso...

The distribution of lead in soil samples collected from both surface (0 to 10 cm) and profile (0 0 to 10 cm, E 11 to 30 cm, Eb 31 to 50 crn, Bw 51 to 100 cm, and C 181 to 200 cm) at a 14-year-old rifle/pistol shooting range located in central Florida were determined using EPA Method 3051a (microwave, HNO/HCI=3:1, v/v). In addition to total lead analysis, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedu...

Data-intensive technologies such as precision agriculture require new approaches for acquisition of soil data on landscapes. We compared the ability of near infrared (NIR; 400–2500 nm) and mid infrared (MIR; 2,500– 25,000 nm) spectroscopy for field-scale acquisition of soil fertility parameters. Samples were obtained in a grid pattern (25 m spacing) from the surface (0–10 cm) and sub-surface (1...

soil organic matter has positive consequences eht rof quality and productivityof soil and also environment, agricultural and biological sustainability and conservation ofbiodiversity and soil. organic matter plays an important role in the physical and chemicalprocesses of soil and thus, it is of a great effect on the spectral characteristics of soil. thisstudy was done in order to develop the m...

Plant litter is an important factor for soil conservation and sustainability that could modify soil chemical properties and increase the plant biomass production. The aim of this research was to compare plant litter chemical composition and its effects on soil properties in three species including Hordeum bulbosum, Poa bulbosa, Bromus tectorum. First, soil samples were taken in the depth of 0-3...

Soil organic matter has positive consequences eht rof quality and productivityof soil and also environment, agricultural and biological sustainability and conservation ofbiodiversity and soil. Organic matter plays an important role in the physical and chemicalprocesses of soil and thus, it is of a great effect on the spectral characteristics of soil. Thisstudy was done in order to develop the m...

plants change their environment characteristics and especially soil properties while their growth and adaptation, to develop plant communities. in this study effect of halophyte patches from urmia lack in a vegetation type of salsola nitraria and aeluropus littoralis on chemical and physical properties of soil was investigated. so 4 vegitation patches along 2 transect with the length of 150 met...