Aflatoxins (AFs) are mycotoxins produced by some species of Aspergillus. In dairy cows, ingested AFB1 is metabolized into carcinogenic AFM1 which is eliminated through milk, thus posing a risk for consumer health. Here we describe the set, validation, and application of screening (ELISA) and confirmatory (HPLC) tests carried out on milk samples collected through official control of mycotoxin le...

Results 132 (53%) SPT were assessed as being positive: 33 (47.8%) for CMP, 29 (51.7%) for egg white, 25 (44.6%) for egg yolk, 21 (47.7%) for peanuts, 11 (39.2%) for wheat, 9 (33.4%) for soybeans, 4 (16%) for kiwi. 211 (85%) PPT were assessed as being positive: 50 (72.5%) for CMP, 41 (73.2%) for egg white, 37(66.07%) for egg yolk, 27 (61.4%) for peanuts, 21 (75%) for wheat, 16 (59.25%) for soybe...

OBJECTIVES Nitric oxide (NO) is an important neurotransmitter in central nervous system involved in central cardiovascular regulation. The presence of NO in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) nucleus has been shown, but its cardiovascular effect has not been determined. In the present study, the cardiovascular effect of NO in the PPT nucleus was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS After induct...

BACKGROUND The effects of switching from prandial premixed insulin therapy (PPT) injected three times a day to basal plus two times bolus insulin therapy (B2B) on glycemic control and quality of life were investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS The clinical course was prospectively observed during the first 16 weeks after switching to B2B (insulin glargine plus insulin...

An experiment was conducted for a period of eight weeks under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of different salinity levels on the survival and growth of crablings of mud crab, Scylla serrata. The different salinity levels tested were: 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt. The differences in growth increment in terms of body weight (BW) were significant (p<0.05) among different...

The effects of dopamine-specific manipulations on neuropeptide gene expression in intrastriatal grafts of fetal striatal tissue were studied by quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry, using 35S-labeled oligonucleotide probes. Messenger RNA transcripts for the striatal neuropeptides preproenkephalin (PPE) and preprotachykinin (PPT) were detected in neurons forming discrete patches in ...

In euryhaline crustaceans, sensitivity to toxic trace metals may be linked to osmoregulation and salinity conditions. This study investigated if grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) populations from different salinity regimes differed in sensitivity to cadmium (Cd). Grass shrimp were collected in May 2011 from two marsh sites with average salinities of ~3.0 ppt and 24.0 ppt. Groups were acclimated...

Salinity tolerance to Thai silver barb, Barbodes gonionotus was investigated under laboratory conditions using common salt (NaCl) and sea water. With a view to determine the median lethal concentrations (LC50 values), the fish were exposed to various concentrations of the salt and sea water for a period of 96. Common salt up to a concentration of 12 ppt and sea water up to a concentration of 10...