Objective Vitrification has been shown as one of the most effective methods of cryopreservation for mammalian embryos. However, there is no consensus which stage of embryonic development is the most appropriate for vitrification with subsequent maximal development after thawing. This study was carried out to explore and compare the effect(s) of vitrification on mouse 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, mor...

objective: vitrification has been shown as one of the most effective methods of cryopreservation for mammalian embryos. however, there is no consensus which stage of embryonic development is the most appropriate for vitrification with subsequent maximal development after thawing. this study was carried out to explore and compare the effect(s) of vitrification on mouse 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, mo...

introduction: mouse embryos can successfully be frozen with sucrose and propandiol. however, different developmental stages of mammalian embryos have shown to have various capacities to undergo freeze-thawing procedure. in the present study, the ability of 1,2,4 and 8-ell mouse embryo to tolerate the freeze-thawing procedure was investigated and the effect of this procedure on the further in vi...

background: the values of embryonic stem cell and cloning are evident. production of clone from embryonic stem cells can be achieved by introduction of stem cell into a tetraploid blastocyst. tetraploid blastocyst can be produced in vitro by electrofusion of 2-cell embryos. objective: the aim of this study was to assess the effect of different voltages and durations on fusion rate of bovine 2-c...

introduction: this study was initiated to examine the effect of the ampullary and the isthmic primary cell cultures of human oviduct during long-term co-culture on two-cell mouse embryos. materials and methods: using a mechanical procedure, epithelial cells from ampullary (a) and isthmic (i) regions of the human oviduct were isolated and cultured in ham's f-10 with 10% fetal calf serum (fsc). t...

introduction: this study was started to improve in vitro blastocyst development and avoiding of blastocyst collapsment (no visibie cavity, returning of hatching blastocyst into zona pellucida, and tendency to degeneration). materials and methods: 24hrs one - cell mouse embryos were recovered from positive plug females and cultured in following canditions: experiments 1,2: during first 48hrs nmr...

Background: While it is possible to routinely cryopreserve embryos from several mammalian species, the cryopreservation of embryos has largely been limited by their high sensitivity to chilling injury. Many factors such as the stage of embryonic development, cryoprotectant toxicity, the composition of the vitrification solution and cooling and warming rates can influence survival of embryos aft...

Introduction: Mammalian embryos as well as oocytes are prone to various doses of visible light during manipulations in laboratory. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of visible light on the development of mouse 2- cell embryos. Method: Non-pregnant female NMRI mice were super-ovulated with i.p. injection of 7.5 iu PMSG followed 48 hours later with 10 iu hCG. Forty eight h...

introduction: the aim of this investigation was to study the developmental potential of human fragmented embryos to blastocyst stage and to evaluate thedeveloped blastocysts in the term of size, cellularity, the type of inner cell mass(icm), trophoetoderm (te) and the number of dead cells. material and methods: four to eight cell fragmented human embryos wereobtained from the embryology lab of ...