since molla sadra’s era, various exegeses have been made of the principality of existence (isalat al-wujoud) and non-principality of quiddity which can be placed in three distinct groups: 1) common-sense exegeses, 2) philosophical exegeses, and 3) mystical exegeses. common-sense exegesis is the one derived from a common sense viewpoint of the universe, which presupposes the quiddities external....

Ancient Chinese philosophy already developed a philosophy of humanitarianism or humanity in the general sense. The concept of "Ren" / "Jen" was indeed a main idea already in Confucianism. It was to my mind Mencius, who was the most explicit, if not even the first, philosopher of what I call concrete humanity. The article takes up Albert Schweitzer's discussion of MengZi's philosophical humanita...

A canon of population genetics concerns the properties of FST, a descriptor of spatial genetic structure. Interest for FST arose from Wright's early insights linking FST to dispersal parameters as well as to his concept of effective population size (e.g., Wright 1938, 1951). Although there is continued interest in this topic, FST also serves in other applications, such as detecting selected mar...

Clarifying the nature of quantum state |Ψ⟩ is at root problems with insight into counter-intuitive postulates. We provide a direct—and math-axiom free—empirical derivation this object as an element vector space. Establishing linearity structure—quantum superposition—is based on set-theoretic creation ensemble formations and invokes following three principia: (I) statics, (II) doctrine number in...