CT7758, a carboxylate containing a4b1/a4/b7 integrin antagonist, was characterized for its pharmacokinetic profile in various in vitro and in vivo assays in support of clinical development. The oral bioavailability of CT7758 was 4% in mice, 2% in rats, 7–55% in dogs, and 0.2% in cynomolgus monkeys. The low bioavailability in rodents and monkey results from low intestinal absorption as evidenced...

, 1381-1388 first published online 16 November 2011 9 2012 J. R. Soc. Interface Joris Soons, Anthony Herrel, Peter Aerts and Joris Dirckx complex biological samples: bone and keratin in bird beaks Determination and validation of the elastic moduli of small and References http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/9/71/1381.full.html#related-urls Article cited in: http://rsif.royalsocietypub...

The species overlap between European and North American cladoceran faunas has been questioned from the very beginning of faunistic studies on Nearctic zooplankton and still remains unsettled. However, more recently, genetic techniques seem to overcome the limits of morphology as the basis for taxonomy. We analyzed 8–11 allozyme loci to assess the genetic differentiation between intercontinental...

MEKK1-dependent signaling regulates HECT E3 ligase Itch, resulting in elevated catalytic activity. After TCR costimulation, MEKK1 predominantly induces JNK1 activation, whereas the related kinase MEKK2 regulates ERK5 activation. MEKK1 becomes phosphorylated on multiple sites and polyubiquitinated following TCR costimulation. E3 ligase Itch is recruited to activated MEKK1, but not MEKK2, and thi...

This article describes two different word sense disambiguation (WSD) systems, one applicable to parallel corpora and requiring aligned wordnets and the other one, knowledge poorer, albeit more relevant for real applications, relying on unsupervised learning methods and only monolingual data (text and wordnet). Comparing performances of word sense disambiguation systems is a very difficult evalu...

BACKGROUND Inappropriate and unnecessary implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks continue to be highly prevalent. METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively evaluated a new algorithm for discriminating supraventricular (SVT) and ventricular (VT) tachycardias with 1:1 atrioventricular association that is based on the response of the arrhythmia to simultaneous or convergent dual-chamber antitac...