Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present thousands of peptides to allow CD8+ T cells to detect abnormal intracellular proteins. The antigen-processing pathway for generating peptides begins in the cytoplasm, and the MHC molecules are loaded in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the nature of peptide pool in the endoplasmic reticulum and the proteolytic events that occur...

In an era in which schools are expected to achieve more for their students, many teachers remain frustrated by the increasing results-driven demands made on them. A facet of teacher work life in which many feel disempowered is addressed in this study—the regular infringement of outside intrusions into the classroom learning environment. A stratified random selection of teachers in the Canadian ...

Introduction The term teratoma, derived from the Greek teraton meaning “a monster”, was coined by Virchow in 1869 for a tumour originating in the sacrococcygeal region. Teratomas are composed of multiple tissues foreign to the organ or site in which they arise. Although teratomas are sometimes defined as having the three embryonic layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm), recent classification...

The use of dental implants to assist in the treatment of partial and complete edentulism is well documented. Most of the implant literature, however, reports results associated with implant survival and success when there has been adherence to rigid placement and loading protocols. Conventionally, these protocols call for the undisturbed healing of the implant—3 months in the mandible and 4 to ...

In this report we present a set of software components for distributed relation-based computations (SCDRC).We explain how SCDRC can be used to structure parallel computations in a single-program multiple-data computational environment. First, we introduce relation-based algorithms and relation-based computations as generic patterns in scientific computing. We then discuss the problems that have...

The effect of C-terminal amidation on the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities of antimicrobial peptides was studied using three cationic peptides which form amphiphilic α-helices when bound to membranes. The natural antimicrobial peptide PGLa, the designermade antibiotic MSI-103, and the cell-penetrating “model amphipathic peptide” (MAP) are all amidated in their original forms, and their bi...

Field-effect transistors fabricated on graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) often exhibit large hysteresis accompanied by low mobility, high positive backgate voltage corresponding to the minimum conductivity point (V(min)), and high intrinsic carrier concentration (n(0)). In this report, we show that the mobility reported to date for CVD graphene devices on SiO(2) is limited by tr...