concerns related to conservation of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emission has increased energy balance studies in crop production systems. in the present study, six wheat (triticum aestivum) fields were selected from east and west of gorgan, golestan province, iran. during three consecutive growing seasons, data were gathered on energy use in all production practices. then, all the energy us...

the objectives of this study was to estimation of greenhouse gases (ghg) emissions and global warming in rice production and identify measures to reducing fossil energy use and greenhouse gases emissions. three rice production systems included sri, improved and conventional were studied. all activities, field operation and data in production methods and differents inputs rates were monitored an...

accelerated soil erosion is an undesirable process that adversely affects water and soil resources. rainfall erosivity is an important factor in water erosion models. accordingly, the present study was conducted to estimate the rainfall erosivity throughout iran based on the latest available detailed rainfall data while considering its temporal and spatial variations. to accomplish this, th...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract The Mediterranean environment is characterized by strong temporal variations in rainfall volume and intensity, soil moisture and vegetation cover along the year. These factors play a key role on soil erosion. The aim of this work is to ide...

This paper studies the modeling and optimization of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of eggplant production using artificial neural network and multi-objective genetic algorithm in Guilan province of Iran. Results showed that the highest share of energy consumption belongs to diesel fuel (49.24%); followed by nitrogen (33.30%). The results indicated that a total energy input of 13910.67 ...

This paper studies the modeling and optimization of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of eggplant production using artificial neural network and multi-objective genetic algorithm in Guilan province of Iran. Results showed that the highest share of energy consumption belongs to diesel fuel (49.24%); followed by nitrogen (33.30%). The results indicated that a total energy input of 13910.67 ...

PURPOSE The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of erbium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on the change of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implant surface microstructure according to the laser energy and the application time. METHODS The implant surface was irradiated by Er:YAG laser under combination condition using the laser energy of 100 mJ/pulse, 140 mJ/pulse...

this paper studies the modeling and optimization of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of eggplant production using artificial neural network and multi-objective genetic algorithm in guilan province of iran. results showed that the highest share of energy consumption belongs to diesel fuel (49.24%); followed by nitrogen (33.30%). the results indicated that a total energy input of 13910.67 ...