a complication in the analysis of the role of icp34.5 gene in the herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) lifecycle is the presence of overlapping antisense gene, open reading frame p (orf p), which is also deleted in hsv-1 icp34.5 negative mutants. a hsv-1 wild type strain (17+) icp34.5/orf p deletion mutant (1716) is totally avirulent in animal models and impaired in a number of in vitro function...

A complication in the analysis of the role of ICP34.5 gene in the herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) lifecycle is the presence of overlapping antisense gene, open reading frame P (ORF P), which is also deleted in HSV-1 ICP34.5 negative mutants. A HSV-1 wild type strain (17+) ICP34.5/ORF P deletion mutant (1716) is totally avirulent in animal models and impaired in a number of in vitro function...

To investigate the possibility that mesenchyme can alter the neoplastic properties of an established carcinoma, small (0.5-mm cubes) pieces of the Dunning prostatic adenocarcinoma (DT) were grown in association with seminal vesicle mesenchyme (SVM) for 1 mo. Differentiated DT epithelial cells harvested from the resultant tissue recombinants (1 degree SVM + DT) were recombined with fresh SVM to ...

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 presents a challenge to the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). To examine mechanisms leading to MDR variants in infected individuals, we studied recombination between single viral genomes from the genital tract and plasma of a woman initiating ART. We determined HIV-1 RNA sequences and drug resistance profiles of 159 unique viral variants obtained before A...

We quantified a population of recombinants in a natural in vitro infection, using wild-type viruses without any pressure. It was found that recombinants emerged early after infection and constituted more than 20% of the whole proviral population 15 days after infection. Furthermore, recombinants were isolated as infectious viruses by simple limiting dilution. These results imply that, in additi...

BACKGROUND In this study, the prevalence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE intrasubtype recombinants in China is estimated and their contributions to the epidemic are explored. METHODS Available HIV-1 complete genomes of CRF01_AE were retrieved from the HIV database. The two alignments were evaluated with RDP3. Recombinants were defined as cases in which the recombination signal was supported by at least 3 m...

The authors used the method of mixed ocular infection and subsequent in vivo selection to isolate Herpes simplex virus type 1 intratypic recombinants with increased ocular virulence and neurovirulence. Four recombinants were studied in some detail (DRG1A3, DRG2A2, DRG3A3, and DRG4A1). The recombinants had lethal doses in 50% of animals tested (LD50) at least 2-3 log units lower than either pare...

BACKGROUND HIV-1 subtype B and subtype F are prevalent in the AIDS epidemic of Brazil. Recombinations between these subtypes have generated at least four BF circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). CRF28_BF and CRF29_BF are among the first two BF recombinants being identified in Brazil and they contributed significantly to the epidemic. However, the evolution and demographic histories of the CRFs ...

Based on partial env and pol (protease and RT) subtyping, we recently documented that the majority (>80%) of the HIV-1 strains that circulate in Côte d'Ivoire were CRF02_AG and about 11% were recombinants or could not be clearly assigned to a known subtype or CRF. In order to determine in more detail the precise structure of these viruses we sequenced the full-length genomes for six such strain...