In elderly populations, frailty is associated with higher mortality risk. Although many frailty scores (FS) have been proposed, no single score is considered the gold standard. We aimed to evaluate the agreement between a wide range of FS in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Through a literature search, we identified 35 FS that could be calculated in ELSA wave 2 (2004-2005). We e...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We sought to validate the family medicine shelf examination by determining whether correlations exist between the US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) family medicine final examination (FMF) scores and the USMLE Step 1 or Step 2 scores. We also evaluated for correlations between the family medicine clinical evaluation scores (CES), final clerkship grades, and all o...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate a healthy lifestyle intervention to reduce adiposity in children aged 5 to 9 years and assess whether adding parenting skills training would enhance this effect. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of prepubertal moderately obese (International Obesity Task Force cut points) children, aged 5 to 9 years. The 6-month program t...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is ongoing concern that stimulant medications may adversely affect growth. In a sample of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases and controls from a population-based birth cohort, we assessed growth and the association between stimulant treatment and growth. METHODS Subjects included childhood ADHD cases (N = 340) and controls (N = 680) from a 197...

The association between isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and incident heart failure (HF) has not been prospectively studied in a propensity-matched population of ambulatory older adults. Of the 5795 participants in the public-use copy of the Cardiovascular Health Study data set, 5248 had diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg and were free of HF at baseline. Of these, 2000 (38%) had ISH, define...