This paper attempts to discuss the concept of abstraction and concreteness using two ‘adats’ (customary practices) in Malaysia namely Adat Perpatih and Adat Temenggung. Nonetheless, focus will be more on Adat Perpatih because the smaller number of practitioners of the ‘adat.’ As this is a preliminary paper, content analysis of previous research was used to facilitate discussion. Findings of thi...

Nucleotide modifications in the anticodons of transfer RNAs (tRNA) play a central role in translation efficiency, fidelity, and regulation of translation, but, for most of these modifications, the details of their function remain unknown. The heterodimeric adenosine deaminases acting on tRNAs (ADAT2-ADAT3, or ADAT) are enzymes present in eukaryotes that convert adenine (A) to inosine (I) in the...

Research on the role of local institutions in confl ict management is still limited. This study highlights various inter-settlement confl icts over the issue of unclear resource boundaries in Danau Sentarum National Park, Indonesia. The park is home to two major ethnic groups (Dayak Iban and Malay) whose livelihoods are highly dependent on fi sh and forest resources available in the park area. ...

BACKGROUND Anorexia is an important cause of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in haemodialysis patients. We investigated whether self-reported appetite was associated with death and hospitalization in subjects enrolled in the Hemodialysis (HEMO) Study. METHODS The HEMO Study was a 7-year, multicentre, randomized trial (N = 1846), which examined the effects of dialysis dose and membrane flux ...

We describe a new music keyboard with independent, continuous position sensing capable of communicating gestural nuance available on manual tracker organs, harpsichords and pianos. We explain how the additional functionality can be obtained at a lower cost than existing keyboard controllers and demonstrate a prototype to illustrate this analysis. Our new keyboard uses optical interruption sensi...

Background: In recent years, numerous regulators of gonadal function have been studied. Adenosine deaminase(ADA) is widely distributed throughout human tissues and may contribute in the regulation of menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the plasma activities of total adenosine deaminase (ADAT), and its isoenzymes, ADA1 and ADA2, and ADA1/ADA2 ratio during the menses, foll...

Tulisan ini mendeskripsi tentang pemikiran dan praktek pemerintahan adat suku Dayak Ma’anyan di Kalimantan Tengah. Pemerintahan dibentuk dikelola berdasarkan (hukum adat). Adat dipahami tidak sekadar seperangkat hukum legal-formal tetapi mencakup seluruh aspek kehidupan suku. diangkat dari hasil penelitian dengan motode deskriptif-eksplanatori yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi, mengidentifikasi...

Masyarakat adat Kajang Amatoa kini memiliki peran tersendiri dalam mempertahankan adatnya melalui kepemimpinan sebagai komunitas yang kepentingan tetap masih nilai dan tradisi diwariskan secara turun-temurun oleh nenek moyang mereka. Demikian, masyarakat menentukan nasibnya sendiri, mewakili dirinya adat, menjalankan hukum mematuhi aturan atas tanah wilayah lain di adatnya. kemampuan untuk meng...