let $r$ be an associative ring with identity. an element $x in r$ is called $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{z}g$-regular) if there exist $g in g$, $n in mathbb{z}$ and $r in r$ such that $x^{ng}=x^{ng}rx^{ng}$ (resp. $x^{ng}=x^{(n+1)g}$). a ring $r$ is called $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{z}g$-regular) if every element of $r$ is $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $...

It is well-known that the sum of two $z$-ideals in $C(X)$ is either $C(X)$ or a $z$-ideal. The main aim of this paper is to study the sum of strongly $z$-ideals in ${mathcal{R}} L$, the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a frame $L$. For every ideal $I$ in ${mathcal{R}} L$, we introduce the biggest strongly $z$-ideal included in $I$ and the smallest strongly $z$-ideal containing ...

Let $R$ be an associative ring with identity. An element $x in R$ is called $mathbb{Z}G$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{Z}G$-regular) if there exist $g in G$, $n in mathbb{Z}$ and $r in R$ such that $x^{ng}=x^{ng}rx^{ng}$ (resp. $x^{ng}=x^{(n+1)g}$). A ring $R$ is called $mathbb{Z}G$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{Z}G$-regular) if every element of $R$ is $mathbb{Z}G$-regular (resp. strongly $...

in this paper a particular case of z-ideals, called strongly z-ideal, is defined by introducing zero sets in pointfree topology. we study strongly z-ideals, their relation with z-ideals and the role of spatiality in this relation. for strongly z-ideals, we analyze prime ideals using the concept of zero sets. moreover, it is proven that the intersection of all zero sets of a prime ideal of c(l),...

In this paper a particular case of z-ideals, called strongly z-ideal, is defined by introducing zero sets in pointfree topology. We study strongly z-ideals, their relation with z-ideals and the role of spatiality in this relation. For strongly z-ideals, we analyze prime ideals using the concept of zero sets. Moreover, it is proven that the intersection of all zero sets of a prime ideal of C(L),...

We introduce the notions of T-dual Rickart and strongly T-dual Rickart modules. We provide several characterizations and investigate properties of each of these concepts. It is shown that every free (resp. finitely generated free) $R$-module is T-dual Rickart if and only if $overline{Z}^2(R)$ is a  direct summand of $R$ and End$(overline{Z}^2(R))$ is a semisimple (resp. regular) ring. It is sho...

We construct models for strongly-magnetized neutron star atmospheres composed of mid-Z elements (carbon, oxygen and neon) with magnetic fields B = 1012–1013 G and effective temperatures Teff = (1 − 5) × 106 K; this is done by first addressing the physics relevant to strongly-magnetized plasmas and calculating the equation of state and polarizationdependent opacities. We then obtain the atmosphe...