T oday’s printed circuit board (PCB) assembly test engineers face significantly more test challenges than just a few years ago. Board complexity is dramatically increasing with more components, more joints, higher densities and new package technologies. The higher component and joint counts create more defect opportunities, which lead to lower yields for a given defect level. Fortunately, test ...

One of the important issues in speech emotion recognizing is selecting of appropriate feature sets in order to improve the detection rate and classification accuracy. In last studies researchers tried to select the appropriate features for classification by using the selecting and reducing the space of features methods, such as the Fisher and PCA. In this research, a hybrid evolutionary algorit...

Various types of formworks are available in the market for construction cast-in-place concrete structures. Formwork has a significant impact on both time and cost. As such, decision making optimal formwork system is difficult timeconsuming designers or planners particularly high-rise buildings, where any reduction cost single-story significantly decrease total Formworks must be designed effecti...

In this paper, we consider the classical and basic optimisation problem consisting in selecting a set of p items among n with minimal costs, but where costs are ill-known or uncertain. As optimal solution such case is no longer uniquely nor well-defined, issue characterizing solutions, as well those that necessarily possibly final selection.