The two-wave-plate compensator (TWC) technique is introduced for single-point retardation measurements. The TWC method uses a known wave plate together with a wave plate of unknown retardation and produces a linearly polarized output that allows a null of intensity to be detected. The TWC method is compared both theoretically and experimentally with the existing Brace-Köhler and Sénarmont metho...

Though building an AMESim physical model of vehicle three-way catalytic converter (TWC), this article aims to study the light-off characteristics of TWC. By solving the energy and mass conservation equations of gas-solid two phase of the model, this article obtains the emissions conversion rate, such as CO, unburned hydrocarbons (CaHb) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) under different parameters. The r...

During the last two decades, large-scale high biomass algal blooms of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu have occurred frequently in the East China Sea (ECS). The role of increasing nutrient concentrations in driving those blooms is well-established, but the source population that initiates them is poorly understood. We hypothesized that the front of Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) may se...

Accurate and early prediction of tissue viability is the most significant determinant of tissue flap survival in reconstructive surgery. Perturbation in tissue water content (TWC) is a generic component of the tissue response to such surgeries, and, therefore, may be an important diagnostic target for assessing the extent of flap viability in vivo. We have previously shown that reflective terah...

Molecular hydrogen (H2), its isotopic signature (deuterium/hydrogen, δD), carbon monoxide (CO), and other compounds were studied in the exhaust of a passenger car engine fuelled with gasoline or methane and run under variable air-fuel ratios and operating modes. H2 and CO concentrations were largely reduced downstream of the three-way catalytic converter (TWC) compared to levels upstream, and s...

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an oil-based substrate, The Water Cleanser™ (TWC). first experiment studied effects two substrates different oil composition (TWC, TWC +), and a commercial bacterial additive (Bio-Aid) on concentrations nitrogen phosphorous in indoor aquaria. second TWC, additive, combination (TWC + B) phosphorous, phytoplankton abundance diver...

MAUIDE, DAVID L., AND LAURENCE G. WESSON, JR. Renal wuter reabsorption during saline and urea osmotic diuresis in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 205 (3) : 477-482. rg63.-Free water reabsorption (TWC) was measured in conscious dogs during a longterm, reasonably steady-state osmotic diuresis induced either by sodium salts or by urea. After 4 to 8 hr the original solute was partially replaced by urea or...

Carbonyl compound emissions from two passenger cars fueled with different methanol/gasoline blends (M15 and M100) and operated with three-way catalytic converters (TWC) were investigated. The tests were performed on a chassis dynamometer with constant volume sampling over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). Carbonyls were trapped on dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges. The hydrazones fo...