Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA3C) is essential for efficient conversion of primary human B lymphocytes to lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and for continued LCL growth. We used a transcomplementation assay in the context of LCLs transformed by an EBV with a conditional EBNA3C to identify the EBNA3C amino acids (aa) necessary for maintaining LCL growth. Surprisingly, we found ...

EBV transformation of human B cells in vitro results in establishment of immortalized cell lines (lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL)) that express viral transformation-associated latent genes and exhibit a fixed, lymphoblastoid phenotype. In this report, we show that CD4(+) T cells can modify the differentiation state of EBV-transformed LCL. Coculture of LCL with EBV-specific CD4(+) T cells result...

This paper proposes a generalised inverse learning structure to control the LCL converter. A feedforward neural network is trained to act as an inverse model of the LCL converter then both are cascaded such that the composed system results in an identity mapping between desired response and the LCL output voltage. Using the large signal model, we analyse the transient output response of the con...

In the published literature as well as in the most commonly used textbooks, the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is described as having 1 attachment at the lateral epicondyle of the femur and another at the head of the fibula. In this article, we reconsider the attachments, the length of the LCL, and the tissues surrounding the LCL by presenting our anatomical observations and by reviewing the...

— In this paper the class of Linearly Constrained Languages (LCL) is considered. A language L belongs to LCL iff il is the set of strings of a unambiguous context-free language L' that satisfy linear constraints on the number of occurrences of symbois. We prove that every language in LCL admits a holonomic generating function, namely a function that satisfies a linear differential équation with...

American tegumentary leishmaniasis has three forms: localized (LCL), found in resistant individuals; diffuse (DCL), found in susceptible individuals; and intermediate cutaneous leishmaniasis (ICL), found in individuals with exacerbated immunity. We evaluated cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lesions of LCL, ICL and DCL using immunohistochemistry. LCL granulomas showed a pr...