Aim. The aim of this study was to develop an oral Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) vaccine against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Methods. After L. lactis NZ3900/pNZ8110-hspA was constructed, growth curves were plotted to study whether the growth of recombinant L. lactis was affected after hspA was cloned into L. lactis and whether the growth of empty bacteria, empty plasmid bacteria, and recom...

High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) optimize UMTS for packet data services in the downlink and uplink, respectively. Together, they are referred to as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA). Within 3GPP Release 7, 8, 9 and 10, further improvements to HSPA have been specified in the context of HSPA+ or HSPA evolution. This Application Note describes how...

Helicobacter pylori synthesizes an unusual GroES homolog, heat shock protein A (HspA). The present study was aimed at an assessment of the serological response to HspA in a group of Chinese patients with defined gastroduodenal pathologies and determination of whether diversity is present in the nucleotide sequences encoding HspA in isolates from these patients. Serum samples collected from 154 ...

We address a unique security vulnerability in long term evolution (LTE) advanced and high speed packet access (HSPA+) wireless networks due to carrier/channel bonding. This vulnerability is shown to result in various amounts of service disruption based on the radio network parameters and the user locations. Typically, channel bonding have been perceived as a means to enhance the bandwidth and t...

BACKGROUND The study aimed at developing a set of attributes for a 'good' health system performance assessment (HSPA) framework from literature and experiences in different contexts and using the attributes for a structured approach to lesson learning for low-income countries (LICs). METHODS Literature review to identify relevant attributes for a HSPA framework; attribute validation for LICs ...

High throughput parallel interleaver design is a major challenge in designing parallel turbo decoders that conform to high data rate requirements of advanced standards such as HSPA+. The hardware complexity of the HSPA+ interleaver makes it difficult to scale to high degrees of parallelism. We propose a novel algorithm and architecture for on-the-fly parallel interleaved address generation in U...

The delay experienced by mobile applications in HSPA networks depends to a large extent on highly dynamical global context like, e.g., cell load or algorithms and thresholds governing radio resource scheduling, and on local context like, e.g., user-generated load or load history. These complex uncertainty factors are outside of an applications sphere of influence and result in applications perc...

BACKGROUND Many policy makers and other stakeholders in the EU have expressed interest in better understanding the performance of their own health systems to identify opportunities for improvement in effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Health system performance assessment (HSPA) has received considerable attention at EU level as an instrument to improve transparency and accountability. This i...