Long-term, incoming total solar irradiance (TSI) measurement trends were validated using proxy TSI values, derived from indices of solar magnetic activity. Spacecraft active cavity radiometers (ACR) are being used to measure longterm TSI variability, which may trigger global climate changes. The TSI, typically referred to as the “solar constant,” was normalized to the mean earth-sun distance. S...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain biopsy remains an integral and necessary component in the diagnosis of brain lesions. We assessed the ability of turbo spectroscopic imaging (TSI) to provide a physiologically based target for tissue sampling. METHODS TSI was performed in 26 anesthetized patients immediately before MR-guided brain biopsy. In 10 patients, single-voxel spectroscopy was performed on ...

Limnologists have regarded temporal coherence (synchrony) as a powerful tool for identifying the relative importance of local-scale regulators and regional climatic drivers on lake ecosystems. Limnological studies on Asian reservoirs have emphasized that climate and hydrology under the influences of monsoon are dominant factors regulating seasonal patterns of lake trophic status; yet, little is...

Aberrant formation of interstitial telomeric sequences (ITSs) promotes genome instabilities. However, it is unclear how aberrant ITS formation is suppressed in human cells. Here, we report that MLH1, a key protein involved in mismatch repair (MMR), suppresses telomeric sequence insertion (TSI) at intra-chromosomal regions. The frequency of TSI can be elevated by double-strand break (DSB) induce...

BACKGROUND AND AIM In Graves' hyperthyroidism, suppression of serum TSH after restoration of normal serum T4 and T3 with treatment has been attributed to binding of TSH-receptor antibodies to TSH receptors in the pituitary. Accordingly, the relationship between TSH and serum thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) was examined during follow-up of patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. SUBJEC...

Combined monostatic clutter (MSC) and terrain scattered interference (TSI) pose a diicult challenge for adaptive radar processing. Mitigation techniques exist for each interference alone but are insuucient for their combined effects. Current approaches separate the problem into two stages where TSI is suppressed rst and then MSC. The problem with this cascade approach is that during the initial...

The ACRIM-gap (1989.5-1991.75) continuity dilemma for satellite TSI observations is resolved by bridging the satellite TSI monitoring gap between ACRIM1 and ACRIM2 results with TSI derived from Krivova’s [2007] proxy model based on variations of the surface distribution of solar magnetic flux. ‘Mixed’ versions of ACRIM and PMOD TSI composites are constructed with their composites’ original valu...