This study investigated how untutored learners encode interrogativity intonationaly in a second language. Questions produced in free conversation were selected from longitudinal data of four untutored Italian learners of English. The questions were mostly wh-questions (WQs) and declarative questions (DQs). We examined the use of three crosslinguistically attested question cues: final rise, high...

Abstract. We consider a quantum mechanical system consisting of a linear chain of harmonic oscillators coupled by a nearest neighbor interaction. The system configuration can be closed (periodic boundary conditions) or open (non-periodic case). We show that such systems can be considered as Wigner Quantum Systems (WQS), thus yielding extra solutions apart from the canonical solution. In particu...

Maize silage is forage of high quality and yield, and represents the second most important use of maize in the United States. The Wisconsin Quality Synthetic (WQS) maize population has undergone five cycles of recurrent selection for silage yield and composition, resulting in a genetically improved population. The application of high-density molecular markers allows breeders and geneticists to ...

Maize silage is a forage of high quality and yield, and represents the second 30 most important use of maize in the U.S. The Wisconsin Quality Synthetic (WQS) maize 31 population has undergone five cycles of recurrent selection for silage yield and 32 composition resulting in a genetically improved population. The application of high-33 density molecular markers allows breeders and geneticists ...

Sustainable water management often emphasizes water resource quantity, with focus on availability and use practices. However, only a subset of the available water may be usable when also considering water quality. Water quality management is examined within three broad sectors—urban, agriculture, and environmental systems—to investigate how water quality sustainability (WQS) is defined by each ...

In evaluation of cancer risk related to environmental chemical exposures, the effect of many chemicals on disease is ultimately of interest. However, because of potentially strong correlations among chemicals that occur together, traditional regression methods suffer from collinearity effects, including regression coefficient sign reversal and variance inflation. In addition, penalized regressi...

With mounting scientific evidence demonstrating adverse global climate change (GCC) impacts to water quality, quality policies, such as the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) under U.S. Clean Water Act, have begun accounting for GCC effects in setting nutrient load-reduction policy targets. These targets generally require reductions attaining prescribed standards (WQS) by safe levels of concentr...

We describe a quantum system consisting of a one-dimensional linear chain of n identical harmonic oscillators coupled by a nearest neighbor interaction. Two boundary conditions are taken into account: periodic boundary conditions (where the nth oscillator is coupled back to the first oscillator) and fixed wall boundary conditions (where the first oscillator and the nth oscillator are coupled to...