We present mathematical descriptions of optically stimulated luminescence OSL signals under linearly, hyperbolically, exponentially, and reciprocally increasing stimulation intensity for a one-trap one-recombination-center model assuming charge transfer governed by first-order kinetics. Depending on the stimulation mode, the OSL signal can be monotonically increasing, monotonically decreasing, ...

We present the Obligation Specification Language (OSL), a policy language for distributed usage control. OSL supports the formalization of a wide range of usage control requirements. We also present translations between OSL and two rights expression languages (RELs) from the DRM area. These translations make it possible to use DRM mechanisms to enforce OSL policies. Furthermore, the translation...

abstraCt The implementation of Online Synchronous Learning (OSL) poses many challenges to existing instruction technology theory because of the complexity of the digital age. Although many studies have been carried out for an OSL, there is little evidence of OSL for teaching language learning. This is especially so when it involves multiple cultural perspectives. This chapter describes the impl...

We introduce one-sided Lipschitz (OSL) conditions of set-valued maps with respect to given set differences. The existence of selections of such maps that pass through any point of their graphs and inherit uniformly their OSL constants is studied. We show that the OSL property of a convex-valued set-valued map with respect to the Demyanov difference with a given constant is characterized by the ...

The OSL dosimetry technique with teeth has been validated against the EPR dosimetry technique through a measurement comparison performed on the same teeth. The OSL reconstructed doses were found to be in agreement with corresponding EPR doses. Minimum measurable doses for the OSL technique were estimated to be in the range 0.9e1.5 Gy for measurements made within 24 h post-exposure if OSL signal...

A commercial optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) system developed for radiation protection dosimetry by Landauer, Inc., the InLight microStar reader, was tested for dosimetry procedures in radiotherapy. The system uses carbon-doped aluminum oxide, Al2O3:C, as a radiation detector material. Using this OSL system, a percent depth dose curve for 60Co gamma radiation was measured in solid water...