Founded in 1948, IUCN brings together States, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organizations in a unique world partnership: over 1,000 members in all, spread across some 140 countries. As a Union, IUCN seeks to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resource...

Acknowledgements: This publication is part of The 2008 Review of The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The IUCN Red List is compiled and produced by the IUCN Species Programme based on contributions from a network of thousands of scientifi c experts around the world. These include members of the IUCN Species Survival Commission Specialist Groups, Red List Partners (currently Conservation Int...

Acknowledgements: This publication is part of The 2008 Review of The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The IUCN Red List is compiled and produced by the IUCN Species Programme based on contributions from a network of thousands of scientifi c experts around the world. These include members of the IUCN Species Survival Commission Specialist Groups, Red List Partners (currently Conservation Int...

CSG Action Plan: Availability of survey data: Moderate Need for wild population recovery: Low Potential for sustainable management: Moderate 2009 IUCN Red List: LR/cd (Least Risk, conservationdependent; reported to have undergone substantial recovery in several parts of its range. Recent surveys suggest that species remains widespread, locally abundant and extinction is unlikely; IUCN 2009) (la...

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (www.redlist.org) is a comprehensive list of relative extinction risk for species throughout the world, and it is commonly referenced in the scientific literature. Established in 1963, the IUCN Red List and its Criteria have been revised regularly to make them more scientific and objective. Nevertheless, the aim of the IUCN Red List to establish global st...

A controversy at the  IUCN World Conservation Congress on the topic of closing domestic ivory markets (the , or so-called James Bond, motion) has given rise to a debate on IUCN’s value proposition. A cross-section of authors who are engaged in IUCN but not employed by the organization, and with diverse perspectives and opinions, here argue for the importance of safeguarding and strengthe...